Oriental: Tropical southeast Asia, India, and southeast Asian islands including Borneo, Sumatra, some Indonesian islands and the Philippine archipelago (does not include New Guinea and Sulawesi) Oriental # families = 50 endemics = 4 Much of it is tropical High familial diversity, but fairly low endemism Eastern South America includes the Caatinga xeric shrublands of northeastern Brazil, the broad Cerrado grasslands and savannas of the Brazilian Plateau, and the Pantanal and Chaco grasslands. }, 24 Tropical rainforest, tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests are highlight[clarification needed] in Southern North America, Amazonia, Caribbean, Central America, Northern Andes and Central Andes. }, 3 Are Home Blood Monitoring Devices for Type 2 Diabetics Actually Any Good? "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/26/Laurasia%3A+North+America%2C+Europe%2C+Greenland%2C+part+of+Asia.jpg", "width": "800" }, 35 Entered SA & from NA. METATHERIA! "description": "South America was also. "@context": "http://schema.org", "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/33/Pleistocene+Zoogeography+of+Mammals.jpg", "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/34/Glacial+Cycles+of+the+Pleistocene.jpg", The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/32/Question%3A+How+did+earth+history%2C+especially+continental+drift%2C.jpg", "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/7/Palearctic%3A+Eurasia%2C+including+North+Africa+and+all+of+Europe+and+Asia.jpg", }, 12 "description": "Entered NA & CA. "description": "Tupaiidae Tarsiidae. Australia stayed isolated, accounting for the large number of marsupials in Australia. }, 10 "@type": "ImageObject", Let's work together to keep the conversation civil. See additional information. content, ideas and unlock downloads. "width": "800" "@type": "ImageObject", "description": "as the continents were breaking up still further. "description": "Hyaenidae Orycteropodidae. "@context": "http://schema.org", Bell Work Name the Continents and Oceans!. "width": "800" }, 8 "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/25/About+225+MYA%2C+continents+were+joined+together+into+a+single.jpg", species X. divided. "width": "800" In this region many snakes are present. Its fauna and flora are distinct from the Nearctic realm (which includes most of North America) because of the long separation of the two continents. Caecelians are also represented in this region 1) Siphanophis 2) Rainotrema, Urodeles are very few. { "name": "Faunal regions or Zoogeographical Regions",

ALLOPATRIC SPECIATIONA. They include tanagers, rheas, tinamous, curassows, antbirds, ovenbirds, toucans, and seriemas. Diversification (i.e., speciation) is primarily the result of widespread. { Neotropical Endemic FamiliesTupaiidae Tarsiidae Cynocephalidae "description": "CONTINENTAL DRIFT. Present global distribution of boreal (northern coniferous) forests "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/12/Nearctic%3A+North+America+north+of+Mexician+lowlands+and+Greenland.jpg", The diverse Atlantic forests of eastern Brazil are separated from the forests of Amazonia by the Caatinga and Cerrado, and are home to a distinct flora and fauna. "description": "Examine evolutionary history of a group of animals. }, 28 "name": "G. Oceanic: The islands of the Pacific Ocean", "name": "E. Oriental: Tropical southeast Asia, India, and southeast Asian islands including Borneo, Sumatra, some Indonesian islands and the Philippine archipelago (does not include New Guinea and Sulawesi)", { "description": "CONTINENTAL DRIFT. Rhea americana ( 3 toed ostrich) - American Ostrich, Tinamus (Flightless bird is Endemic to this region).

This region shows Andes Mountains. South America was originally part of the supercontinent of Gondwana, which included Africa, Australia, India, New Zealand, and Antarctica, and the Neotropic shares many plant and animal lineages with these other continents, including marsupial mammals and the Antarctic flora. "@context": "http://schema.org", (3 MYA) extinctions of many marsupials in SA as eutherians invaded. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/5/Time+frame+Spatial+scale+Ecological+Zoogeography+Recent+Small+Large.jpg", 2nd largest faunal region. { ", The Orinoco is a region of humid forested broadleaf forest and wetland primarily comprising the drainage basin for the Orinoco River and other adjacent lowland forested areas. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/13/Neotropical%3A+High+familial+diversity+%2850%29+Greatest+number+of+endemic.jpg", "width": "800" "name": "The Bering land bridge has been open for dispersal for periods of time during the Pleistocene",

supports HTML5 video, Published byMelvin Gregory North of the Gulf of Guayaquil in Ecuador and Colombia, a series of accreted oceanic terranes (discrete allochthonous fragments) have developed that constitute the Baudo, or Coastal, Mountains and the Cordillera Occidental.[2]. { "width": "800" "name": "Palearctic: Eurasia, including North Africa and all of Europe and Asia", Time frame Spatial scale Ecological Zoogeography Recent Small LargeHistorical Zoogeography Past Combination: can tell us about the geographic history of a group AND the relationship between present environmental conditions & present mammal distributions }, 21 Macropodidae Phalangeridae. Thursday, Oct. 27 4:00-5:00pm 162 Noyes Lab Career Center.

}. Current Distribution Result of the interaction of: Early history and place of origin Fragmentation of continents Climactic. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/16/Ethiopoan+Endemic+Families.jpg", "width": "800" 700,000 year record. Dinerstein, E., Olson, D. Graham, D. J. et al.

"width": "800" "description": "(north of India and tropical southeast Asia) Palearctic. "@type": "ImageObject", Zoogeography A. Lots of extinction. Only 2 endemic families. "name": "", Moderate familial diversity, but no endemic families. Educational and corporate subscriptions give institutions and students unlimited access to the BIOSCIENCE. B. Ecological zoogeography. "name": "F. Australian: Australia, New Guinea, and associated islands", "name": "Zoogeography A. presence of marsupials in Australia and South America due to continents being isolated for longperiods Australia stayed isolated, accounting for the large number of marsupials in Australia "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/27/Much+early+evolution+of+mammals+was+going+on.jpg", "@context": "http://schema.org", "width": "800" }, 2 There are 31 bird families that are endemic to the Neotropical realm, over twice the number of any other realm. ", }, 29

They are all evergreen forests. America via Panamanian. Help us delete comments that do not follow these guidelines by marking them offensive. In contrast, the Neotropical Floristic Kingdom excludes southernmost South America, which instead is placed in the Antarctic kingdom. Accordingly, conservation in the Neotropical realm is a hot political concern, and raises many arguments about development versus indigenous versus ecological rights and access to or ownership of natural resources. Because of these conditions good vegetation is seen and rich fauna is present. {

forms. { Some fish groups originally unique to the Neotropics include: Examples of other animal groups that are entirely or mainly restricted to the Neotropical region include: Plant families endemic and partly subendemic to the realm are, according to Takhtajan (1978), Hymenophyllopsidaceae, Marcgraviaceae, Caryocaraceae, Pellicieraceae, Quiinaceae, Peridiscaceae, Bixaceae, Cochlospermaceae, Tovariaceae, Lissocarpaceae (Lissocarpa), Brunelliaceae, Dulongiaceae, Columelliaceae, Julianiaceae, Picrodendraceae, Goupiaceae, Desfontainiaceae, Plocospermataceae, Dialypetalanthaceae (Dialypetalanthus), Nolanaceae (Nolana), Calyceraceae, Heliconiaceae, Cannaceae, Thurniaceae and Cyclanthaceae.

", }, 27 This region includes most of Venezuela and parts of Colombia.

populations being split by the formation of an environmental barrier. These rainforests are also home to a diverse array of indigenous peoples, who to varying degrees persist in their autonomous and traditional cultures and subsistence within this environment. Great Tips for Healthy Eating in Ramadan | Himalayan Chef, Healthy & Nutritious Himalayan Chef Long Grain Basmati Rice, Biotherapeutics Cell Line Development Market to Reach Valuation of ~USD 224 Mn by 2030, Possible causes of a bubbling feeling in the chest, Tips for Embracing Digital Transformation in Your Business. }, 15 The realm also includes temperate southern South America. "@context": "http://schema.org",

Land. Continental Drift. }, 23 { Part of the Evolution of Australian Biota Module.

Mammal groups originally unique to the Neotropics include: There are 63 fish families and subfamilies are endemic to the Neotropical realm, more than any other realm. Question: How did earth history, especially continental drift,influence the geographic distribution and evolutionary histories of the following? filter route. {

"@type": "ImageObject", "name": "isolated for a long time", 1912 Alfred Wegener Hypothesized that- the continents are moving = Continental drift all continents once. "@type": "ImageObject", "@context": "http://schema.org",

"width": "800" Smaller spatial scales & more recent time frames (i.e., Holocene-present) "@type": "ImageObject", The southern part of South America shows temperate zones, because of these varied environmental conditions Luxuriant forests, Deserts, Plains and Rivers are common. account and enjoy increased access to BIOSCIENCE. Speciation", ", Historical Biogeography CH 7. central position. "name": "Nearctic: North America north of Mexico and Greenland", "name": "Ethiopoan Endemic Families", Mammals in neotropical region: 32 families are available.

"description": "A.

A long period of isolation with very low diversity but high endemism. Fall 2010 IB Workshop Series sponsored by IB academic advisors What can I do with a B.S. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/3/Zoogeography+A.+Historical+zoogeography.jpg", "@context": "http://schema.org", If you wish to download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social system.

"description": "Greatly isolated; generally only various species of bats make it onto these islands (we are not considering oceanic mammals here)", }, 14 "@context": "http://schema.org", Fundamental principle is VICARIANCE. "@type": "ImageObject", Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Y. species. "description": "Present global distribution of boreal (northern coniferous) forests",

"contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/28/presence+of+marsupials+in+Australia+and+South+America+due+to+continents+being+isolated+for+long.jpg",

"@type": "ImageObject", .: , , 1978. ", A selection of top articles hand-picked by our editors available only to registered users. Connected to the Palearctic. land bridge (3 MYA) Panamanian. }, 19 METATHERIA! Bird families originally unique to the Neotropics include hummingbirds (family Trochilidae) and wrens (family Troglodytidae). The Bering land bridge has been open for dispersal for periods of time during the Pleistocene ~200 MYA Pangaea began to break up into two large land masses: Laurasia: North America, Europe, Greenland, part of Asia.

All rights reserved. Nearctic: North America north of Mexico and GreenlandOnly 2 endemic families Aplodontidae Antilocapridae

"description": "Continental drift is the movement (over geological time) of the continents. in IB? ", "name": "Zoogeography -study of the distribution of animals", Much early evolution of mammals was going onas the continents were breaking up still further ALLOPATRIC SPECIATION. "name": "Laurasia: North America, Europe, Greenland, part of Asia",

"@type": "ImageObject", "name": "Neotropical Endemic Families", "width": "800" What features of present-day environments restrict organisms. { ", "name": "About 225 MYA, continents were joined together into a single", { }, 32 ", Nearctic: North America north of Mexician lowlands and GreenlandAlso shares about half of its families with the Neotropics Connected relatively recently (ca. Virginia Opossum. The temperate forest ecoregions of southwestern South America, including the temperate rain forests of the Valdivian temperate rain forests and Magellanic subpolar forests ecoregions, and the Juan Fernndez Islands and Desventuradas Islands, are a refuge for the ancient Antarctic flora, which includes trees like the southern beech (Nothofagus), podocarps, the alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides), and Araucaria pines like the monkey-puzzle tree (Araucaria araucana).

Neotropical: High familial diversity (50) Greatest number of endemicCentral Mexico throughout South America, including the Caribbean islands High familial diversity (50) Greatest number of endemic families (19) Long period of isolation and a warm and favorable climate has probably contributed to this }, 25 "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/2/Zoogeography+-study+of+the+distribution+of+animals.jpg",

"description": "influence the geographic distribution and evolutionary.

In this region Hayeans (Aye-aye), Hedge-hog and Native Horses are absent, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Wyeth and Novartis Show Interest in Endogen: A Medical Breakthrough Shown to Reverse The Cause of Endometriosis. species. Ethiopian: Africa south of the Saharan Desert; includes Madagascar Connected to the Palearctic via the Sahara Ethiopian # families = 52 endemics = 18 Madagascar -lemurs & tenrec radiation Much tropical land mass Much familial diversity, with many endemics (18) Many endemic primates, and especially high endemism on Madagascar "@context": "http://schema.org", { { histories of the following AFROTHERIA! "@context": "http://schema.org", "width": "800" "width": "800" radiation. Chapter 26; Feldhammer text. { B. { 3 MYA) with the Neotropical region. About 225 MYA, continents were joined together into a single. "@type": "ImageObject", 2 million years ~100,000 year periodicity increased in intensity last 700,000 years 2.1 million year record 700,000 year record Oxygen isotope record "name": "Time frame Spatial scale Ecological Zoogeography Recent Small Large", "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/20/F.+Australian%3A+Australia%2C+New+Guinea%2C+and+associated+islands.jpg", [3][4] Much later, about two to three million years ago, South America was joined with North America by the formation of the Isthmus of Panama, which allowed a biotic exchange between the two continents, the Great American Interchange. "@context": "http://schema.org", Login to your BIOSCIENCE. 2.1 million year record.

Cynocephalidae. "@context": "http://schema.org", Faunal regions Present-day Mammal Diversity "contentUrl": "https://images.slideplayer.com/36/10661683/slides/slide_31.jpg", 2 new species form via. "name": "presence of marsupials in Australia and South America due to continents being isolated for long", "name": "ALLOPATRIC SPECIATION", "@type": "ImageObject", # families = 50. endemics = 4. "name": "Oriental # families = 50 endemics = 4", "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/24/Plate+tectonics+is+the+study+of+the+movements+of+crustal+plates%2C+upon+which+the+continents+ride.jpg",

"name": "Present global distribution of boreal (northern coniferous) forests", ",

{ Historical zoogeography Fundamental principle is VICARIANCE Diversification (i.e., speciation) is primarily the result of widespread populations being split by the formation of an environmental barrier C A species X species X B Range of species X divided species Y species Z environmental barrier forms 2 new species form via ALLOPATRIC SPECIATION . "description": "# families = 28. endemics = 17. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/22/G.+Oceanic%3A+The+islands+of+the+Pacific+Ocean.jpg",

"description": "", # families = 42. endemics = 0. largest faunal region in terms of area. Range of. [7][8], Plant families that originated in the Neotropic include Bromeliaceae, Cannaceae and Heliconiaceae. isotope. ", "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/18/Neotropical+Endemic+Families.jpg", 1) Tapiers 2) Uamas 3)Deer 4) Squirrels 5) Rabbit 6) Armadios are common in this region. {

Building a Theory of Plate Tectonics Theory of Plate TectonicsThe Theory of Plate Tectonics says that the Lithosphere is cracked and broken into pieces. Past.

"name": "filter route Great American Interchange Few early dispersals", "@context": "http://schema.org", ",

Ethiopian # families = 52 endemics = 18D. has probably contributed to this. (2018). Only 1 marsupial reinvaded North America. AND the relationship between present environmental conditions. It includes 3 toed Ostrich called Rhea americana, Clamas, Oil birds are common. Bridge. "contentUrl": "https://slideplayer.com/slide/10661683/36/images/14/Neotropical+Endemic+Families.jpg", Modified over 6 years ago, 1 To use this website, you must agree to our, Examine evolutionary history of a group of animals. "name": "Neotropical Endemic Families", "description": "Tachyglossidae Ornithorhynchidae. "name": "Glacial Cycles of the Pleistocene", 247 .



"name": "Ethiopian # families = 52 endemics = 18", "width": "800" Continental Drift Lyell proposed movement of continents to account for climate change evident in fossil record BUT did not change shape or position relative. "width": "800" }, 5 Shares ~ half of its families with the Nearctic. "@type": "ImageObject", "width": "800" "@context": "http://schema.org", AFROTHERIA! { }, 18 }, 16 2 million years. "@context": "http://schema.org", ", : Major distributional shifts Lots of extinction Speciation??? # families = 52. endemics = 18. Moderate familial diversity. In the United States southern Florida and coastal Central Florida are considered Neotropical.

"description": "-patterns and processes.

{ { The number of these peoples who are as yet relatively untouched by external influences continues to decline significantly, however, along with the near-exponential expansion of urbanization, roads, pastoralism and forest industries which encroach on their customary lands and environment. Connected relatively recently (ca. "name": "Question: How did earth history, especially continental drift,", "@type": "ImageObject", Bequaert, Joseph C. "An Introductory Study of Polistes in the United States and Canada with Descriptions of Some New North and South American Forms (Hymenoptera; Vespid)". This region includes S. America, Central America, Mexico and West Indies. "@type": "ImageObject", . . . F. Australian: Australia, New Guinea, and associated islands# families = 28 endemics = 17 A long period of isolation with very low diversity but high endemism Only 28 families, but 17 endemics Shares <20% of its families with any other region