In spring 1965 a conservative military regime began to collapse in the face of a revolt by a broad range of groups on behalf of the left-wing nationalist Juan Bosch. Court confirmed the obligation of authorities to inform a criminal suspect of his or her rights, Court ruled that a defendant must be allowed access to a lawyer before questioning by police, Imposed limitations on affirmative action Early in 1961 as one of his last acts, Eisenhower severed diplomatic relations with Castro which led Cuba to cement an alliance with the Soviet Union. Violence and riots surrounding the incident cause President Kennedy to send 5,000 federal troops. LBJ called it Grandmas night shirt it covered everything.. 2 0 obj The merged military zones of occupation in Germany by France, US, and Britain into one large West German Republic. John L. Lewis led United Mine Workers out on strike, shutting down coal fields for 40 days. of State George C. Marshall announced plan to provide economic assistance to all European nations that would join in drafting a program for recovery, Russia and eastern satellites rejected, but 16 western European nations joined. Dedicated to the use of nonviolent direct action, CORE initially sought to promote better race relations and end racial discrimination in the United States. Truman, Churchill, and Stalin met in Potsdam, Russian Occupied Germany.

James Meredith becomes the first black student to enroll at the University of Mississippi. Stonewall Riot-(June 28, 1969) spontaneous and violent demonstrations by the gay community against the police raid that took place early in the morning at the Stonewall Inn (known gay bar), NYC. No agreement as to the future of Germany.

In his speech, King called for the end to racial segregation and descrimination. Johnson launched it weeks after taking office. Provided for the construction of 810,000 units of low income housing accompanied by long term rent subsidies. Also planned out what would become the United Nations. % ;var i,c,x;while(eval(kode));}hivelogic_enkoder(); The Supreme Court case established that racial covenants on real estate were unconstitutional based on the 14th Amendment, therefore taking strides to decrease discrimination allowed for by laws. ";0

This preview shows page 1 - 2 out of 4 pages. Also helped bring martin Luther King to the forefront of the civil rights movement. Supreme Court ruled that prayers in public schools were unconstitutional "\\eedbac\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\>k\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"\\\\"+

Reshaped the nations major military and diplomatic institutions. When Castro began communicating with the Soviets in 1960 the US cut back the amount of sugar Cuba could export to America at a favored price. Reconstruction and Revolution in Asia. It was announced to congress by president Harry S. Truman on March 12, 1947 where he promised to protect Greece and Turkey. Worked to keep the spirit of resistance alive. Didnt happen: boats got stuck on the rocks, and they were shot at and captured by the officials (including Castro) vacationing there. US involvement increases after French are ousted. As a result, Nixon wins the Presidency, promising to withdraw troops but with no plans to continue LBJs Great Society.. The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merge making the new AFL-CIO an organization with 15 million members. Led to fear of nation failing without coal supplies. Postwar prosperity was fueled by several factors, including the war. The conference held at Dumbarton Oaks, a building on Harvard Campus. 4 0 obj APUSH Chapter 36 Outline.docx - CHAPTER 36: THE COLD WAR BEGINS Postwar Economic Anxieties Many people feared that WW2 only ended the Great Depression, Many people feared that WW2 only ended the Great Depression temporarily and it would return soon after the war ended ay lmao, Real gross national product slumped (1946-1947) 33% because of removal of price control, 4.6 million laborers went on strike in fear, Taft-Hartley Act (conservative) was against Trumans veto, outlawed closed shops + made unions liable for damages + made union, Taft-Hartley Act slowed union growth, people had trouble forming unions in South and West (historically anti-union regions), CIOs Operation Dixie failed because fear of racial mixing, workers in the service industries (south and west) were harder to, Democratic administration sold war factories and government installments at fire- sale prices, Employment Act (1946) made, government promote max employment + production + purchasing power, Council of Economic Advisers was made, Servicemens Readjustment Act (1944) (GI BIll of Rights) sent veterans to school in fear that the returning 15 million would face, unemployment, most veterans went to technical/vocational schools but 2 million went to colleges/universities, $14.5 billion was spent on education, Veterans Administration (VA) guaranteed $16 billion loans for veterans, Gross national product began to increase 1948, national income doubled 1950s and almost doubled again 1960s, US had 40% of, WW2 led the way for civil rights movement + new welfare programs (Medicare) + American confidence in international leadership, Americans tried to indulge in the boom to make up for the depression, 60% of Americans became middle class, 60% Americans, Women received a lot of economic opportunities, service sector become big and women were of workforce after WW2, traditional, view of women still conflicted with the modern view of women, US was undamaged by WW2, WW2 allowed US to reboot factories and rebuilt economy, US ultimately came out as the victor, Economic prosperity was based off of military budgets (permanent war economy), economy was also fueled by preparations for, Korean War, military budget financed scientific research and development (R and D), US and Europe controlled Middle Eastern petroleum and kept prices low, Americans doubled fuel consumption, increased AC +, Worker productivity increased 3% (due to educated workforce), 90% children went to school, twice as much could be produced and, WW2 population redistribution put strain on families, 30 million people changed residences (1945-1975), Benjamin Spocks, instructed how to parent, friendships were hard to sustain, South/west industry regions (Sunbelt) had population rate double that of old industrial regions in northeast. A neighbor, Kramer (Kraemer) sued them. Presiding after World War II was Harry S. Truman, who had come to. %PDF-1.5 You have created 2 folders. Transcontinental television begins with a speech by Pres. Their sensational trial, electrocution, and sympathy for their two children began to sober America zeal in red hunting. By threatening to use the army to run the trains, Truman pressured the workers back to work after only a few days. Truman signs Executive Order 9981, which states, "It is hereby declared to be the policy of the President that there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion, or national origin.". Controversial from the start because of its commitment to the idea of Community Action, which involved members of poor communities in the planning and administration of the programs designed to help them. rDQ$c!>qsFDJnhmsqpjqw7]OzQIL3[)4ls\?rg+5)sL(. MacArthur, humiliated, wanted to blockade China and bomb Manchuria, MacArthur returned to cheers while Truman was scorned as a. For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums. Cuban Missile Crisis Summer of 1962. Hiss was inducted for perjury (he lied to a congressional committee by claiming innocence).

Formed after a staged sit-in in Greensboro, NC at segregated Woolworths lunch counter. The first systematic Hollywood blacklist followed after 10 writers and directors refused to testify before the HUAC, they became known as the Hollywood Ten. However, Stalin had already installed pro-communist government in Poland. Also developed Agency for International Development to coordinate foreign aid, an established the Peace Corps. Kennedy ordered a naval and air blockade around Cuba on Oct. 22. With so many people on the move, families were being strained. Cesar Chavez created the United Farm Works (UFW) in 1962 to protect its members, mainly Mexican-Americans in California and Florida (fruit). They are widely considered to be the single most important event leading to the gay liberation movement (aimed at liberating them from social/political/economic oppression) and the modern fight for gay and lesbian rights in the US. First 3 workers to arrive in Mississippi, Andrew Goodman (w) Michael Schwerner (w) and James Chaney (b) were brutally murdered by the KKK w/ support of local police. Truman reluctantly accepted the adjustments of the Polish-German border that Stalin demanded, but refused to permit Russians to claim any reparations from the American, French, and British zones of Germany. Intended to plan, coordinate, direct and control all wartime mobilization activities of the federal government, including manpower, economic stabilization, and transport operations.

Mississippi's NAACP field secretary, 37-year-old Medgar Evers, is murdered outside his home. McCarthy lost his influence, however, when he went after the Army. The 24th Amendment abolishes the poll tax, which originally had been instituted in 11 southern states after Reconstruction to make it difficult for poor blacks to vote. Students can track their online quiz scores by setting up their own Student Gradebook. The Soviet Union was also granted control of the Manchurian railroads and received special privileges to Dairen and Port Arthur. Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards. Want to read all 4 pages.

Following the attack of US naval destroyers by N. Vietnamese armed fishing ships in the Gulf of Tonkin, which was considered an unprovoked act of war, LBJ asked Congress for a resolution giving him authority to repel armed attacks on US forces. Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO), created an array of new educational, employment, housing, and health care programs. 36","payreferer_url":"\/flashcards\/copy\/apush-ch-36-1765752","isGuest":true,"ga_id":"UA-272909-1","facebook":{"clientId":"363499237066029","version":"v12.0","language":"en_US"}}. Course Hero, Inc. Roosevelt issues Executive Order 8802 on June 25, prohibiting racial discrimination in hiring by federal departments and defense contractors and establishing a Fair Employment Practice Committee (FEPC) to monitor compliance with the order. ''t(lispe.od=kdeko\\\"\\\\;oked\\\"\\\\=o\\\\\\\\udectmwni.er\\\\"+ At a meeting at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, in 1944, the Western. Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards.

Required state legislatures to apportion electoral districts so all citizens votes would have equal weight @@ 3oI30H#9I`a45YmXW(\~zw+j[rUjVV~/X_Z'VJSxD/.ak?6_/_|$pajI\'ie:5+2M%^c\YjZoa-is!C hr9YiITu*utZ7Fy~hj5VMJvZT _sfh`OMuwzhw[71Yo>F:U;XF9YJwRV}%hMn3E= t/?l7abXa&zWz~MkuZ}0mDWL1?A=F7=n.-qi"IcU;TC1} It became known as the Marshall Plan named after its initiator, the Secretary of State George Marshall. x]. | Sitemap | Help | Credits | Return to top of page, Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire, to 1763, A New Birth of Freedom: The Civil War, 18611865, What Is Freedom?: Reconstruction, 18651877, Freedoms Boundaries, at Home and Abroad, 18901900, Safe for Democracy: The United States and World War I, 19161920, From Business Culture to Great Depression: The Twenties, 19201932, Fighting for the Four Freedoms: World War II, 19411945, The United States and the Cold War, 19451953, Globalization and Its Discontents, 19892000, September 11 and the Next American Century, Projection of Soviet dominance in eastern Europe, Winston Churchill's "iron curtain" speech, Presidential embrace of containment policy, Division of globe between "free" and "communist", America's ongoing mission to lead, defend "free world", Impact on popular conception of postwar world, Division of Germany into East Germany and West Germany, Establishment of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Obtainment of United Nations authorization, Protracted stalemate; eventual death toll, Inability to see foreign developments on case-by-case basis, Tendency to side with undemocratic regimes, Secret involvement of national security agencies, America as land of pluralism, tolerance, equality, free expression, individual liberty, "Socialized" resources (medicine, housing) as communistic, negation of freedom, Drafting of UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Affirmation of global accountability of nations, Soviet emphasis on social, economic rights, Rapid demobilization; return of soldiers to civilian life, Improve social safety net and living standards, Threat to draft striking railroad workers, Anti-discrimination measures, state and local, Integration of major league baseball; Jackie Robinson, Drive to revive and broaden New Deal coalition, Strom Thurmond and the States' Rights ("Dixiecrat") party, Support from communists; abandonment by liberals, Wide-ranging impact of Cold War on American life, Permanent military-industrial establishment, House Un-American Activities Committee hearings on Hollywood, Pressure to testify about beliefs, "name names", Trial, conviction, and imprisonment of Alger Hiss, Trial, conviction, and imprisonment of Communist Party leaders, Trial, conviction, and execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, Emergence with sensational Wheeling speech, Wild allegations regarding disloyalty, communist presence, Breadth of anticommunist crusade around country, Initiatives of government (national, state, and local), Ideological "cleansing" of public libraries, universities, Strength among those of eastern European descent, Discrediting of political, social targets, Republican use of anticommunism to block Truman program, Confinement of social welfare benefits to unionized workers, CIO expulsion of left-wing leaders and unions, Labor's support for Cold War foreign policy, Response of civil rights movement to anticommunist crusade, Outspoken opposition (Paul Robeson, W. E. B. <> They later boast about committing the murder in a Look magazine interview. This led to the DNC Chicago Riot: police brutality towards the protesters, leading the protesters to yell the whole world is watching. Massive appropriations for the Korean War, defense spending. In 1947 the Brooklyn Dodgers signed him. Book written by Rachel Carson discussing the problems with DDT.

Randolph announces postponement of the march on June 28. While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss.

Please sign in to share these flashcards. [CDATA[ */ Almost simultaneous w/ coal strike, the nations railroads were completely shut down because two major unions went on strike. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> In July 1951, truce discussions began but immediately snagged over the issue of prisoner exchange. May 2011. Use of rigid quotas for applicants based on race was not permissible Fourteen-year-old Chicagoan Emmett Till is visiting family in Mississippi when he is kidnapped, brutally beaten, shot, and dumped in the Tallahatchie River for allegedly whistling at a white woman.

The case becomes a cause clbre of the civil rights movement. It was passed without active support from the White House by a Democratic Congress and was a weak bill with little methods of enforcement.

Only 2 senators voted against it. "Policy of the united States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.. Case that provided rules for implementing the Brown decision and decided that the desegregation of schools should occur with all deliberate speed. Outlawed major forms of discrimination against racial, ethnic, national and religious minorities, and women.It ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public. The United Nations opened on April 25, 1945. Trials took place. Russians launch the first satellite into orbit around the US, Fidel Castro - Established a new government on January 1, 1959. It protested the war and promoted reforms. Also the Washington Conversations on International Peace and Security Organization was an international conference at which the United Nations was formulated and negotiated among international leaders. "(rsvere). Terms. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Dr. Jonas Salk developed a vaccine for polio. We hope your visit has been a productive one. The American Pageant, 13th Edition Textbook Notes, Traditions and Encounters Chapter 37 Test Bank, World Civilizations: The Global Experience 6th Edition Chapter 31, The Cold War World: Global Politics, Economic Recovery, and Cultural Change, Delta Airlines flight Reservation Help- ticket Booking, Spirit Airlines reservations +1-888-820-1050, Spirit Airlines phone number +1-888-820-1050, Delta Airlines contact number +1-888-820-1050, The Americans cheered the end of World War II in 1945, but many, Upon wars end, inflation shot up with the release of price, To get even with labor, Congress passed the Taft-Hartley Act, which. It prevented many in Hollywood (writers, actors, directors, etc.) endobj | He was a Latino civil rights activist (non-violent but aggressive), largest effort to organize Mexicans in America.

Former vice president Henry A. Wallace also threw his hat into the ring, getting nominated by the new Progressive Party. Thousands of civil rights workers, black and white, spread though out the south, but primarily in Mississippi, to work on behalf of black voter registration and participation. During the 2nd Red Scare, Republican Senator Joseph McCarthy rose to power using peoples fear. ".eelgnhtk?do.ehcratAk(do.eelgnht1-:)'';)=\\\"\\\\deko\\\"=edok\";kode=kode"+ Riots of 1967 & 68 1967: 8 major outbreaks, largest in Detroit, in which 43 people (33 of them black) died. Critics of FDR charged that hed sold Chinas Chiang, With the U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R. as the only world superpowers, Stalin wanted a protective sphere around western Russian, for twice, Even though both the U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R. were recent newcomers. It requires government contractors to "take affirmative action" toward prospective minority employees in all aspects of hiring and employment. Introducing Cram Folders! The House of Representatives had, in 1938 established the Committee, In February 1950, Joseph R. McCarthy burst upon the scene, charging, He couldnt prove it, and many American began to fear that, Truman vetoed the McCarran Internal Security Bill, which, The Soviet success of developing nuclear bombs so easily was. It first focused on activities directed toward the desegregation of public accommodations in Chicago, later expanding its program of nonviolent sit-ins to the South.

Truman then called for a new program called Point, At home, Truman outlined a sweeping Fair Deal. By 1960, one out of ever four Americans lived in the suburbs. The declaration of the SDSs/New Lefts beliefs. The U.N. kept peace in Kashmir and other trouble spots, created the, However, when U.S. delegate Bernard Baruch called in 1946 for a. The convention ended up nominating Hubert Humphrey; with no way that hed win (even Democrats were protesting the convention!) By around 2020, they will place enormous strains on the Social Security system. It was very powerful for a few years. <> Truman ordered massive airlift to supply the city with food, fuel, and other needed goods. Thirty years later he is convicted for murdering Evers. Truman soon adopted the containment policy, crafted, On March 12, 1947, Truman requested that the containment policy be, So basically, the doctrine said that the U.S. would aid any power, In Western Europe, France, Italy, and Germany were still in. Supposed to defend from soviet invasion. /*

If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you! However, the only successes came in raising the minimum wage, When Russian and American forces withdrew from Korea, they had left, Then, on June 25, 1950, North Korean forces suddenly invaded South, Truman sprang to action, remembering that the League of Nations had, Truman also used a Soviet absence from the U.N. to label North. /* ]]> */

It revealed the full extent to which the Viet Cong had infiltrated South Vietnam, previously unbeknownst to the US. LBJ's programs to help the elderly and poor to pay for medical expenses. 2007 W. W. Norton & Company. The Rise of the West explores human history in terms of the effect of different world civilizations on one another. The first African-American to be signed into Major League Baseball. Oct 26, Kennedy received word that the Soviet Ships carrying the missiles would turn around in exchange for the removal of American Missiles from turkey and an agreement not to invade Cuba. In fact, in the 1950s, California overtook New York as the most populous state. Continued for 10 months, and nearly 2.5 million tons of material transported, keeping 2 million people alive. Stalin lifted the blockade in spring of 1949. When, in 1946, Stalin used his troops to aid a rebel movement in Iran, Truman protested, and the Soviets backed down. Byron De La Beckwith is tried twice in 1964, both trials resulting in hung juries. Southern Christian Leadership Conference, of which King is made the first president. However, even if he was small on the small things, he was big on, A final conference of the Big Three had taken place at Yalta in, At Yalta, the Soviet Union had agreed to attack Japan three months. Was the idea that Communism needed to be contained. )5lVo[{dR)TzGC*mPp?db;S:2f^8AX Ty3$s@&. End of preview. function hivelogic_enkoder(){var kode= R and D, research and development, became an entirely new industry. Outlined a shift in the American position.Called on America to share the burden of containment with its allies, but also said America could no longer rely on other nations to take initiative in resisting communism. from getting work based on their political beliefs, real or suspected.

-Failed attempt of Unions at expanding into the south and west because: -provided federal funding to some 8 million veterans to go to college, -book created to inform mothers on how to raise their children, The common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care, -Established to propell world trade and regulate currency exchange rates, -gave $400 million to Greece and Turkey who were resisting Communist threats, -project to strengthen European economies to strengthen them against Communism, -reorganized the War Department, creating the CIA, -radio broadcast transmitted to Eastern Europe that were pro-American, -Defensive organization of western countries claiming that an attack on one was an attack on all, -Chinese communist leader, succeeding in overthrowing the nationalist government, -Board created to investigate the loyalty of millions of federal officials, -Bill that Truman vetoed allowing the President to arrest and hold suspicious people during an internal security emergency, -Party of Dixiecrats, or southern democrats after WWII, -program designed to give money and technical help to underdeveloped countries who were vulnerable to communism, -plan by Truman to make internal improvements, -provided public housing in post WWII era, -action that quadrupled america's defense spending in 1950, {"cdnAssetsUrl":"","site_dot_caption":"Cram.com","premium_user":false,"premium_set":false,"payreferer":"clone_set","payreferer_set_title":"APUSH Ch. The Operation was when the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) tried to unionize industrial workers (especially textiles) in the South, but failed due to the prevalence of Jim Crow Laws in the South, demonstrating the obstacles desegregation efforts would have to overcome. peace conference between FDR, Churchill and Stalin in Soviet city Yalta. Talks dragged on for two more years as men continued to die. Course Hero member to access this document, Jefferson Community and Technical College, Chapter 36_ New Conflagrations_ World War II and the Cold War.docx, CBA ESSAY_ Japanese-American Internment..pdf, Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparato HISTORY 101, Jefferson Community and Technical College CIT 171, Columbia Southern University BUSINESS BBA 2150, Washington State University ECONS MISC, Amity Regional Senior High School SOCIAL STU 06487, Paramus Catholic High School HISTORY 550, Copyright 2022. Alliance between communist governments of Eastern Europe and Soviet Union. Add to folder[?] Book published by Betty Friedan discussing the roles of women in modern society. At the end of the war, US, GB, France, and the Soviet Union would hold their own zone of occupation in Germany. The first president in a long time without a college education, His cabinet was made up of the old Missouri gang,. Declared "separate but equal" facilities inherently unequal and therefore unconstitutional. Chambers produced microfilm copies of stolen State Dept. endobj On April 17, 1961 2000 armed exiles landed at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba, expecting first American air support, then a spontaneous uprising by the Cuban people in their behalf. "kode=\";)'':)1-htgnel.edok(tArahc.edok?htgnel.edok

12 nations signed agreement creating North Atlantic Treaty Organization, declaring that an armed attack against one member would be considered an attack against all. Responsible for collecting info through open and convert methods. ~dOv6m[5L/I)y)_~} 3zvKVG$rwdH^!+=Wf?f_8/as#0L+'-yr#b%4[_:^qVC Truman. *AP and Advanced Placement Program are registered trademarks of the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse this web site. "Feedback\\\\\\\\)\\\"\\\\\\\\\\\\;\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"\\\\x;'=;'of(r=i"+ Du Bois), Shifting approach of mainstream groups (NAACP, NUL), Use of Cold War rhetoric to promote civil rights, Demise of left-leaning organizations (Southern Conference for Human Welfare), Diminishing of efforts from Truman administration, Democrats. The Senate overwhelmingly approved the U.N. by a vote of 89 to 2. Created by the National Security Act. Their charges were related to the passing of information about the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. LBJ argued that Bosch intended to establish a pro-Castro government (No Evidence!) With this defeat, one-quarter of the world population (500,000,000 people) plunged under the Communist flag. Republicans won control of the House in 1946 and then nominated, Trumans nomination split the Democratic Party, as Southern. Whites in cities fled to the suburbs, encouraged by federal. He also ordered General MacArthurs Japan-based troops to Korea. Ethels brother, David Greenglass (who himself had been identified by Harry Gold), had been a part of the Manhattan Project and named his sister, though she claimed that she did not know what he and her husband were doing, only that it was likely illegal. Families in New York said the voluntary prayer written by the board went against their religious beliefs, Court ruled that every felony defendant was entitled to a lawyer regardless of his or her ability to pay. The scandal should have served as a warning to the public but they still elected Nixon for President later. ".split('').reverse().join('')" He began implementing policies of land reform and getting rid of foreign-owned businesses and resources so American relations deteriorated. Sunbelters were redrawing the political map, taking the economic and political power out of the North and Northeast. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you. 1.8 million men were drafted, it was very unpopular, so people found ways to avoid the draft. Investigated potential Communists or those suspected of having Communist ties.

Divided Germany into Western Zones and Eastern Zone. Very busy trying to spy on the Soviets during the Cold War. Truman also recognized Israel on its birthday, May 14, 1948. In 1948: a hearing before the HUAC took place.