New York, NY 10011, U.S.A.

What purpose are these openings on the roof? National Archives Collection of Foreign Records Seized, Record Group Number 242. [7] FamilySearch Wiki (www.familysearch.org/wiki), Jewish Names Personal, rev. What sorts of records can I use to investigate the family lines further? Take a look at the German-Jewish Special Interest Group (GerSIG) at http://jewishgen.org/gersig. In the early nineteenth century, Jews in many parts of Germany were required by law either to register with Catholic or Lutheran parishes or to prepare their own civil transcripts of births, marriages, and deaths. Researchers at Price Genealogy are available to help you along your adventure of discovery. 09:21, 5 May 2020. The Family History Library has over 2,000 microfilms of German Jewish vital records that list births, marriages, and deaths. National Archives, Washington D.C. What are the purpose of the extra diodes in this peak detector circuit (LM1815)? You need to know the town where your ancestor lived before you can look for these records. The database is based on the 2006 edition, but is regularly updated, and now contains the names of close to 150,000 people. Both Sephardi and Ashkenazi Jews lived in Hamburg and its surroundings. Do weekend days count as part of a vacation? Journal of German-Jewish Genealogical Research, Federation of East European Family History Societies (FEEFHS), United States Holocaust Research Institute. Join the Ancestry World Archives Project, a collaborative effort involving thousands of people around the world keying digital records to make them free for everyone. Lewinsohn, Martha Anna (Neumann) Mosbacher, Hanna. 2022 Leo Baeck Institute. Gesher Galicia is a non-profit organisation that promotes and conducts Jewish genealogical and historical research for Galicia, a province of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire, which is today part of eastern Poland and southwestern Ukraine. Take a look at the German-Jewish Special Interest Group (GerSIG) at. Stack Exchange network consists of 180 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. I do Jewish genealogy and unless the family is a Cohen, Levi, or some prominent member of society such as a Court Jew - they likely will not have had a surname and therefore be nearly untraceable before 1750 at the earliest, some don't come onto the scene until as late as 1850. Tbingen, Germany: J. C. B. Mohr, 1990. I have been to the Kirchheimbolanden archive, and their records go back to the 1790s. Visit Synagogues in Germany for current addresses and specifically Jewish Synagogues, some of which include websites or email addresses. As Jews were granted varying degrees of civil rights and privileges, they started appearing in certain town records. Complete instructions in the use of this online database can be found in Avotaynu vol. Contains primarily records since 1945. [1] Wikipedia (www.en.wikipedia.org), History of the Jews in Germany, rev. Many records of Jews who died in the Holocaust are now available. While the Sephardi enjoyed rights of citizenship in Hamburg, the Ashkenazi were expelled. Tracing your German Jewish genealogy can be a challenging and exciting adventure. Early 19th century lists of Jews forced to adopt surnames in German towns, Undzer Wor - Published in the post-war DP camp in Bamberg, Hebrew weekly published in Lyck/Ek and Berlin, as well as Krakow and Vienna, Hebrew monthly published at times in Berlin, Hebrew weekly, and later daily, published in Berlin and Warsaw, Yiddish journal focused on the arts, and published in Berlin, Hebrew journal focused on the arts, and published in Berlin. Even if the missing person was never found, the inquiry and associated documents may provide valuable information and& lead the researcher to other relatives. @TAH - Why not add that as an answer instead of a comment. Beginning in 1790, individual states in Germany started requiring fixed surnames. Free and open access to most collections.

Search the archival, library, and art collections of LBI. These vital records are an excellent source for accurate information about Jewish ancestors. Those from Hesse (mostly the former Hesse-Kassel) are online, and the post-1824 Hesse-Kassel records are indexed as part of the JewishGen Germany Database. (FHL Reg Table 940 F2mg.) The Central Office for Genealogy in Leipzig has films from Prussian Poland and the former East Germany, and the Landesarchiv Baden-Wrttemberg in Stuttgart has those for the area now called Baden-Wrttemberg. These are often, but not always, noted in the Catalog under "Jewish Records". [4] Zvi Avneri and Stefan Rohrbacher, ed., Germany: Hamburg, American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise, Jewish Virtual Library (www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org : October 2014); citing Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2nd Edition. You may like to consider using our Ask Us service. Poland then became the cultural center of Jewish life. Jews have migrated within Europe and dispersed throughout the world. These types of records, whether kept by a Christian parish or civil authorities, are called Jewish records. Text in table not staying left aligned when I use the set length command. Go to Jewish Genealogy Research Main Page. Leo Baeck Institute International Tracing Service (English and German) This is the new Synagogue Berlin-Centrum Judaicum site, which lists archival information. Visit Us: Corner North Tce Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Bavaria, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony also hold regional collections of these films. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site, Learn more about Stack Overflow the company. We are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website.

The towns in question are a couple of villages (most likely Gauersheim, but maybe Morschheim as well) near Kirchheimbolanden and the town of Offenbach am Glan. The T/D(Tracing Document) files contain inquiries made by individuals after the war seeking to know the fate of their friends or relatives. This database contains the registration cards of approximately 85,000 Jewish Displaced Persons who registered with the emigration department of JDC in Munich and Vienna after World War II, in addition to cards containing information about Jewish refugees whom JDC provided care for in Barcelona during and immediately after the war. Maintained by ACLR. 00:44, 27 June 2020. I only use original records of births, deaths and marriages. In some areas, civil registration records began earlier. Civil registers of Jews and civil registration records that include Jews along with the rest of the population are available beginning in 1795, depending on the area. (FHL book 974.71 A3gf.). To help trace your Jewish roots in Europe a selection of resources available at the State Library as wellas various websites have been listed below. Part Two will go into more detail about specific record types and additional resources. (FHL bookQ 943 V4g.). Information recorded in synagogue records may include the following: The Family History Library has Jewish records from many German places, but there are also many places not yet represented in the collection. I suspect they are Jews. If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. +1 for that tip. They were able to remain in the city when some inhabitants wanted to expel them, because the city council recognized their economic benefit to the city. In Alsace-Lorraine different records are listed under the German [Elsass-Lothringen] and French catalog entries. The Family History Library also has other types of Jewish records, including synagogue records, records of Jewish taxpayers, Holocaust victims, and censuses. See: I have not found anything indexed in JewishGen databases pertinent to my search, and the question was intended to elicit suggestions of what kinds of sources I should be seeking and where this kind of information may be found. Contact Us www.slsa.sa.gov.au. For more information, see Germany Civil Registration. Understanding these types of laws will also help you understand why someone may not be found in an expected record. Some church records include listings of Jewish births, marriages, and deaths. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website.

These cookies do not store any personal information. This website contains the complete contents of the 12-volume Jewish Encyclopedia, which was originally published between 1901-1906. Leo Baeck Institute New York, Berlin, ed., Renate Evers, 'In Echtzeit: Die Aktivitten und Sammlungen des Leo Baeck Institutes New York | Berlin, in, Stefan Altevogt (article) & Karl-Heinz Krauskopf (photos ), Heuberger, Rachel, Laura E. Leone, and Renate Evers. E-mail: itstrace@its-arolsen.org, The German Red Cross Tracing Service in Mnchen can be found at this site, Sources: Sallyann Sack ed.

Below is a source containing a list of about 130,000 people from West Germany and Berlin, who died in the Holocaust, their birth and death dates, their places of residence before deportation, and the camps to which they were sent: Gedenkbuch: Opfer der Verfolgung der Judenunter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland, 1933-1945 (Memorial book for the victims of Jewish persecution during Nazi despotism, 1933-1945). Many materials have been digitised and are available online. There are various types of records that can be used to find Jewish ancestry. Can you please explain how the site is organized, and who runs it? Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. The German Jews did not usually keep registers of births, marriages, and deaths unless required to do so by law. Some lists have been extracted and published in book form. These Jewish registers included names and family relationships, as well as how they earned a living. The actual range of information is the 500 years, 1349-1849 Whether this is the furthest back, I could not say. I have a group of ancestors from Buhl, the oldest record I have found for one of the families is ca 1650. Groups of Ashkenazi refugees from eastern Europe returned to various parts of Germany after the Thirty Years War (1618-1648). Jewish civil registration records contain the same birth, marriage, and death information as civil registration records for Christians. They also publish a journal (partially online here: http://www.genealoj.org/New/ENtexte/page03.php) that has discussed the retrieval of 18th and 19th century Alsace and Lorraine records for several of their members. Do you have any further questions about German Jewish genealogy work? They are used in the same way as church records or other civil registration records. Online at International Jewish Cemetery Project. Please e-mail any comments or suggestions to wyancey@aclrsbs.com A search by current French department [Bas-Rhin, Haut-Rhin, Moselle] yields different entries. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Genealogy in Formerly German Regions of Poland, Center for Jewish History Genealogy Institute, Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People (CAHJP), International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies, Jewish Genealogical Society of Greater Boston, Penn The following work describes the collection: Grubel, Fred, et al. The archives of the ITS were opened to the public in November 2007. Irregular. If Jews did not meet or chose not to agree to the requirements associated with being registered, they were treated as foreigners. Online at International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies, The organization also have a project to document every Jewish burial site in the world. Jewish records Jdische Urkunden include records of Jews or Jewish congregations.

The Nuremberg Laws also prevented Jews from marrying those of German descent. The laws spelled out exactly who was considered Jewish and who was allowed German citizenship and its accompanying rights. To trace family arriving in South Australia try our guide to immigration. 3 in series - a guide to Jewish genealogy, Tracing your Jewish ancestors : a guide for family historians, Finding our fathers : a guidebook to Jewish genealogy, From generation to generation : how to trace your Jewish genealogy and personal history, https://guides.slsa.sa.gov.au/fheuropemediterraneanresources, Stiftung Neue Synogoge Berlin - Centrum Judaicum, Central Archives for Research on the History of the Jews in Germany, Resources for Jewish Genealogical Research in the former Prussian Province of Posen, Ozarow Cemetery Restoration Project - Poland, Slovakia, Church and Synagogue Books, 1592-1910 (FamilySearch), Chios; Index of Surnames Appearing in the Book "Histoire des Juifs de Rhodes, Chio, Cos", Jewish Holocaust Victims of Thessaloniki (Salonika), Name of those deported and killed by Nazi's from Rhodes in 1944, Ancestry.com (library edition) - for onsite use only. Thank you. This included births, marriages, deaths, circumcision records, cemetery registers, and membership lists. Catalog of the Archival Collections [of the Leo Baeck Institute].

History and names of Jews deported from the Community of Ioannina, Greece, 25 March 1944. . The address for the American Red Cross War Victims Tracing Center follows: Hope Dr.

These records may also be cataloged under NAMES-PERSONAL or MINORITIES. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. A guide to Jewish genealogy in Germany & Austria, edited by Thea Skyte, Randol Schoenberg, Rosemary Wenzerul, A guide to Jewish genealogy in Latvia and Estonia : no. TAH: Some discussion re whether I did it right by recommending your comment be a question. I followed my ancestors, Joannes Neff, and his wife, Secunda, son of Miachi Neff,to Buhl, Germany. This State Library of South Australia guide highlights resources available at the Library as well as various databases and websites that may assist your search for ancestors in Europe and the Mediterranean. This is a collection of individual index cards of Jews who had their German nationality annulled by the Nazis. Although formats vary by area, most show each person's residence, patronymic surname, new surname, and birth date. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. The Leo Baeck Institute in New York has a collection of 50,000 German Jewish records, primarily from Baden, Berlin, Schleswig-Holstein, Westpreuen, and Wrttemberg. 4800 Mt. Three steps in finding a European ancestors town of birth, Finding German Immigrant Town of Origin Parts I, Germany Cities Virtual Jewish History Tour, http://jewishhistory.research.wesleyan.edu/i-jewish-population/4-jews-of-the-holy-roman-empire/a-german-lands/, https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/hamburg.

The International Tracing Service was established at the end of World War II to help people in Europe to find family and friends who had been lost as a result of the war.

[3] FamilySearch Wiki (www.familysearch.org/wiki), Jewish History, rev. New York, NY, USA: Jewish Genealogical Society, 1984-. Our purpose is to present and preserve genealogical information about the Jewish communities in German-speaking regions and to trace our ancestors and better understand the lives they led. Leo Baeck Institute works to preserve and promote the history and culture of German-speaking Jews. This book has brief histories of families who had names in Frankfurt, going back as far as 1349. It covered both West and East Germany. [1] They settled along the Rhine river in what was then the Holy Roman Empire. Can climbing up a tree prevent a creature from being targeted with Magic Missile? Is the Pfalz region also commonly "Palatinate?" English home page, but links to resources are all on German language pages. Where are such records kept, and if the locations of such records vary by region, how does one go about discovering where these may be? The writer often provides valuable information such as familiy relationships ages, birthplaces, and locations where the family lived. [6] Wikipedia (www.de.wikipedia.org), Bayerisches Judenedikt von 1813, rev. Jewish

While they lived and worked in Hamburg, they continued to speak and write in their native languages (Spanish and Portuguese) for two more centuries. and Kintore Ave, Adelaide It would be interesting to learn about the sources he used to compile the book. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. This first of two articles about German Jewish Research will provide an introduction and some resources to help you get started. Each community had a limited number of register numbers, thus limiting the number of Jewish families in a given location. The Library has very few synagogue records. Names from these lists, along with the those in the T/D, are contained in the Central Name Index. While you are in the Library don't forget to check out our databases: Are you unable to come into the State Library of South Australia to undertake your research? Most of the Library's Jewish materials are records created by civil authorities. These include circumcision, marriage, death, and memorial records. [7] However, Ashkenazi did not begin to use hereditary surnames until the early 1800s, when they were required by law in individual German states and other European countries. Part Two will go into more detail about specific record types and additional resources.

All rights reserved. See the search strategies included in the Church Records and Civil Registration sections. At the beginning of the 17th century Ashkenazi Jews started to settle in Wandsbek and Altona, two suburbs of Hamburg which were under Danish rule at the time, as well as in the city of Hamburg itself. Please note that these websites are not arranged in any particular order and are only a selection of the large number available on the internet. During the 17th century, both Sephardi and Ashkenazi had settled in the city of Hamburg and neighboring towns. Let us know in a comment below! Grosse Allee 5-9 American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, Archive at the Centre for German-Jewish Studies, University of Sussex near Brighton, Beth Hatefutsoth, the Museum of the Jewish Diaspora, Douglas E. Goldman Jewish Genealogy Center, Bibliothek Albert Einstein, Hochschule fr Jdische Studien, Heidelberg, Bildarchiv Schweizer Juden/ Image Archives Swiss Jews (BASJ), The Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People (CAHJP), Centre de Documentation Juive Contemporaine, The Dinur Center for Research in Jewish History, Hebrew Union College - Jewish Institute of Religion, Institut fr die Geschichte der deutschen Juden, Institut fr jdische Geschichte sterreichs/ Institute for Jewish History in Austria (INJOEST), Institut fr Jdische Studien und Religionswissenschaft, Judaica Collections of the Penn Libraries, Judaica-Sammlung Frankfurt Universittsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, Leibniz Institute for Jewish History and Culture - Simon Dubnow, Leopold Zunz Zentrum zur Erforschung des europaeischen Judentums, Library of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, Memorial Book for the Victims of National-Socialism at the University of Vienna 1938, Moses Mendelssohn Zentrum Europaeisch-Juedische Studien, New York Public Library: Dorot Jewish Division, Ratner Center for the Study of Conservative Judaism, Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives at NYU Library, Salomon Ludwig Steinheim Institut fuer deutsch-juedische Geschichte, Stiftung Neue Synagoge Berlin-Centrum Judaicum, University of Southampton Libraries, Special Collections, Zentralarchiv zur Erforschung der Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland, Foundation for the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, Leo Baeck Summer University in Jewish Studies at the Humboldt University in Berlin, Directory of Contemporary Jewish Archives and Research Institutions, FID - Fachinformationsdienst Jdische Studien, Footprints: Jewish Books Through Time and Place, German Illustrated Art- and Satirical Journals, German Refugee Rabbis in the United States of America, 19331990, Hamburger Schlsseldokumente zur deutsch-jdischen Geschichte, Jewish Book Cultures in the Early Modern World, Jdische Gewerbebetriebe in Berlin 1930-1945, Jdische Schriftstellerinnen und Schriftsteller in Westfalen, Documentation Centre of Austrian Resistance, On books and their places Jewish libraries worldwide, Registration by Name: Austrian Victims of the Holocaust, Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation, Treasures from the Jewish Cultural Renaissance in Germany, 1898-1939, Ellis Island: American Family Immigration History Center, International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies, Maajan : Die Quelle : Zeitschrift fr Jdische Familienforschung / Organ der Schweizerischen Vereinigung fr Jdische Genealogie und der Hamburger Gesellschaft fr Jdische Genealogie e.V, Personenstandsregister jdischer Gemeinden in Wrttemberg, Baden und Hohenzollern, Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany, Holocaust Era Asset Restitution Task Force, Nazi-Era Provenance Internet Portal Project, Medaon: Magazin fr Jdisches Leben in Forschung und Bildung. The records were created when German citizenship was revoked because of the anti-Semitic Nuremberg Laws of 1935. Tracing German ancestors in periods that are before church records? Get ideas and help from the following groups: Listed below are a useful resources in Jewish genealogy: Ele Toldot: (Burial records of the Jewish community of Frankfurt am Main): Information about Jews buried in the Frankfurt am Main Cemetery for the time of about 1240-1900 can be found at Leo Baeck Institute. Baltimore, MD 21215 "What we learned in Bad Arolsen." Not allowed to practice a trade or craft, they commonly worked as moneylenders and peddlers. Includes a brief history of the area; links to archives in Poland, Germany and Israel; libraries and museums. Jews fleeing persecution in Poland and Ukraine arrived in 1648. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. They spoke different languages and were subjects of different nationalities (Hamburg/German and Danish). Digitale Erinnerungskultur und das Gedenkjahr 1938, The Challenges of Reconstructing Cultural Heritage: An International Digital Collaboration, Die Schocken-Bcherei in den Nachlasssammlungen des Leo Baeck Institutes New York.. Munich, Vienna and Barcelona Jewish Displaced Persons and Refugee Cards, 1943-1959 (JDC), Provided in association with National Archives and Records Administration. Peter and Paul Catholic Church there. Reading name and occupation of 18th century ancestors from Kirchheim unter Teck, Wrttemberg, Germany? Pre 1794 records for Rothenditmold, Kassel, Hessen, Germany? JewishGen http://www.jewishgen.org/ is free to join and an excellent source of information for Jewish ancestors. [2] Traditionally, the choice of occupations for Jews in Germany was very limited. Jewish Genealogical Family Finder. Much good information can be found at the website of the Leo Baeck Institute. This is an article written by Arline Sachs. the electors of Brandenburg and the Palatinate, seeking the Jews financial and commercial skills, invited and welcomed Jewish settlers to help develop their devastated lands. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Tracing Jewish ancestors in Germany before 1800, ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3191492,00.html, http://www.genealoj.org/New/Accueil_gb.php, http://www.genealoj.org/New/ENtexte/page03.php, meta.genealogy.stackexchange.com/questions/1132/. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Of more general interest, I remember reading that they recently traced the lineage of the former managing director of the IMF and notorious horndog Dominique Strauss-Kahn, whose family is partially from Alsace and Lorraine. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Jdische Allgemeine: Wochenzeitung fr Politik, Kultur, Religion und jdisches Leben, Jdisches Europa: Jdisches Leben in Deutschland, sterreich und Frankreich, Nu: Jdisches Magazin fr Politik und Kultur. Direct link: http://jewishhistory.research.wesleyan.edu/i-jewish-population/4-jews-of-the-holy-roman-empire/a-german-lands/. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. To determine whether the Family History Library has Jewish records for the locality your ancestor came from, search the Place Search of the catalog under each of the following: Information about Jews may also be found in the Place Search under: Additional information may be found in the Subject Search under: This website requires a paid subscription for full access. By clicking I Accept or X on this banner, or using our site, you consent to the use of cookies unless you have disabled them in your browser settings. Washington, DC 20024 The 2006 edition of this work was published in four volumes, with an accompanying CD. During the Nazi Era, Jewish communities all over Germany were required to give up their records to government authorities. The collections of the ITS are written in German. Ashkenazi refers to the Jews who first arrived in Germany during the Middle Ages. How does one show this complex expression equals a natural number? and Gary Mokotoff pub. State University's Jewish Genealogy text files, ftp://ftp.cac.psu.edu/pub/genealogy/text/jewish/INDEX, Stammbaum - The E-mail: hwvtc@arc-cmc.org, The address for the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: I have a book that is falling apart, published in 1907, printed in Old Gothic Script called, "Stammbuch der Frankfurter Juden," by Dr. Alexander Dietz. Jewish synagogue records and separate civil registers of Jews (almost all from before 1876) are listed in the FamilySearch Catalog under: JEWISH RECORDS. The Address for the International Tracing Service is as follows: [2] Magda Teter, Early Modern Jewish History: Overview, Wesleyan University, Early Modern Jewish History (www.jewishhistory.research.wesleyan.edu : 2008), German Lands. Get in touch with Le Cercle de Gnalogie Juive (English version of their website: http://www.genealoj.org/New/Accueil_gb.php), which covers Francophone Jewish genealogists, primarily those living in France. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Censuses were taken from time to time to identify Jews and other minorities, especially during the Nazi era (1938-1939). Persecutions, especially during the Black Death (1346-53) caused the Ashkenazi population to shift eastward to what is now Poland and beyond. Our free, easy-to-use genealogy website features thousands of databases, research tools, and other resources to help those with Jewish ancestry research and find family members. The Jewish communities in the cities of Speyer, Worms and Mainz, known as the ShUM cities, formed the center of Jewish life. This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Two Volumes. [5] However, they had different experiences. [3] By the late 16th century they had arrived in the German city of Hamburg via the Netherlands.[4]. Koblenz, Germany: Bundesarchiv, 1986.

Ask Us a research query Learn more about Jewish Surnames in the FamilySearch wiki article Jewish Names Personal.. If family arrived in Australia after 1940 passenger lists may be found at National Archives, as passenger lists came under Federal jurisdiction after 1940. What would the ancient Romans have called Hercules' Club? Is there such a thing as Ashkenazi Jewish surnames? Is moderated livestock grazing an effective countermeasure for desertification? Site design / logo 2022 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. They have a dedicated Alsace and Lorraine SIG (Special Interest Group). The FamilySearch Catalog may have some Germany civil registration. Changes in laws and politics, persecutions and pogroms have affected Jewish life and types of records kept through the ages.

Thanks for contributing an answer to Genealogy & Family History Stack Exchange! Generally, in German research, when you locate records in the town of origin, you can easily trace several generations of a family, since they usually lived in the same place for several generations. (212) 744-6400 or (212) 294-8340. Family database of Jews in the Northern part of the German Empire with 238,588 persons compiled by Ingo Paul (site in German). If you post the question to their mailing list, people are certain to help you. The following are good online references: The JewishGen website requires free registration. The 1492 expulsion of Jews from Spain drove Sephardi to other parts of Europe and North Africa.