Chief Supreme Court Justice during the landmark Brown vs. Board of Education decision that declared segregation unconstitutional; shocked and angered traditionalists who put up signs calling for his impeachment. Required fields are marked *. C the Great Awakening. Although the format of the debate is the same from previous years, the spirit was slightly lower. Cultural figures, musicians, and artists greatly affect the way we live, Schwartz said. Our roads are unsafe and its costing us lives, A rundown of the MCPS Superintendents press conference, Schools all over MoCo come to together celebrate the 11th annual Minorty Scholars Retreat, MoCo Covid test distribution sparks issues, MCPS Board of Education considers quantitative literacy requirement, The Burrito Mile concludes the last Pennies for Patients fundraiser in February, Spring tryouts bring excitement and anxiousness for WJ athletes, Students share the reality of switching teachers and classes, AC Milan: the renaissance of a sleeping giant. The most interesting idea about the debates is: What is influence? B the Enlightenment.

His testimony, along with the investigative work of Richard Nixon, led to the trial of Alger Hiss, a prominent official in the state department who had assisted Roosevelt at the Yalta conference. In the 1960s. 1956 rebellion by the Hungarians against their Soviet-controlled government; their desperate appeals for aid from America went unanswered and they were brutally crushed; exposed the rigid futility of the US policy of "massive retaliation.". Was founded in 1962. This was a term used by Nixon to describe the non-protesting majority of middle-class Americans, whom he believed supported the War in Vietnam. Provided health insurance for poor families, Provided medical insurance for the elderly and infirm. 38th President (Republican)Pardoned Nixon. The Supreme Court ruled that first trimester abortions were protected by a women's right to privacy. The global status quo policy followed by the US after WWII; the term stems from the US policy of containing attempts by the Soviet Union to extend its sphere of control to other states as it had done in Eastern Europe. A former State Department official who was accused of being a Communist spy and was convicted of perjury. supportive of african Americans having the same rights as whites. anti-Communist president of South Vietnam, series of major attacks launched by communist forces in South Vietnam during the new year. After gaining notoriety as a relentless red-hunter, he served as vice president under Eisenhower, overcoming a financial scandal during the campaign; lost to Kennedy in the 1960 presidential election, after a series of televised debates in which he came across as tired and pallid. It definitely improved my research skills, Tierney said. Republican senator who gained notoriety by accusing Secretary of State Acheson of knowingly employing Communist party members; although none were found, he continued his witch hunt, recklessly and ruthlessly ruining the careers of countless individuals by falsely naming them as communist sympathizers; eventually exposed and discredited after attacking the U.S. Army during televised hearings. As AP exams wrapped up in early May, teachers of AP US History announced a new activity, one that is fun and interactive for their class for the post-AP exam weeksdebates. Many students, like Leavey, explored the definition of historical influence in addition to their figure.

Started in 1969 by Nixon- slow replacement and training from US soldiers with South Vietnamese soldiers in the Vietnam War, Events and scandal surronding break-in at Democratic national committee headquarters, Site of a shootout between Indians and Army troops at the Pine Ridge Indian reservation in southwestern South Dakota, Republican (1969-74) --"Vietnamization" --Dirtiest administration in history WATERGATE: impeached, resigned, fanatical Islamic extremist; took control of Iran; denounced everyone not as zealous as he (especially US). Democratic candidate in the 1960 presidential election; won a close race against Richard Nixon, becoming the first Roman Catholic and youngest person elected president; his campaign was boosted after a series of televised debates in which he appeared glamorous and energetic compared to Nixon. Were all kind of slowly re-acclimating to school and maybe in future years, people will get that excited about it again. Its primary goal was to reunite families and protect American labor market-initiated restrictions on immigration from Latin America. They demanded that government owned lands be opened to the public for development. Was the first black player in Major League Baseball ("broke the color barrier"), most famous of the "beat" generation of writers, who were violent and free-spirited youths wandering in postwar America; books include "On the Road" and "The Dharma Bums". Vietnamese nationalist leader who successfully led his guerilla forces against the French colonialists; established a communist regime in North Vietnam after the division of Vietnam in 1954. establishing complete equality in admissions and hiring practices Debate between Khrushchev and Richard Nixon in 1959 which brought him particular notice leading up to the 1960 election. College-educated black seamstress who made history by taking a seat in the "whites only" section of a Montgomery, Alabama bus; her arrest for violating the city's antiquated Jim Crow laws sparked a yearlong bus boycott. It was actually really hard finding sources. A protest by gay men in response to police raid of Stonewall Inn, solidifying beginning of gay rights movement in the US. Tierney put a lot of effort into crafting a strong argument for Midgley. The WJ tradition of post-APUSH Exam debates started over 15 years ago when APUSH teacher Nathan Schwartz spotted the idea in an issue of Social Education, a social studies journal. NATO, the Marshall Plan, and the Korean and Vietnam wars grew out of this policy, Harry Truman's political strategy that preserved FDR's New Deal but was not nearly as successful. American novelist awarded to Nobel Prize in literature in 1976. APUSH debates give students new outlook on historical influence. Unanimous Supreme Court decision which ruled that segregation in public schools was "inherently unequal" and thus unconstitutional and that desegregation should go ahead with "all deliberate speed"; reversed the 1896 Plessy vs. Ferguson decision that had ruled that "separate but equal" facilities were allowable under the Constitution. I had someone who was Steve Jobs and came in barefoot wearing jeans and a turtleneck sweater. 2003-2022 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. President from 1981-1989 Conservative leaders who promoted supply side economics and created huge budget deficits. I based my debate around his impact in revitalizing Christianity in the colonies, and how the creation of Christian American identity influenced the entire foundation of the country, Morgan said. Foreign policy promoted by Secretary of State Dulles, which condemned "containment" of communism, promising to both "roll back" communism's gains and "liberate captive peoples", while also cutting military spending by building up a fleet of superbombers equipped with nuclear bombs; in practice, the policy was too aggressive for minor crises such as the failed Hungarian uprising and also proved to be staggeringly expensive. I feel like more people should know about him, Tierney said. Sophomore Leora Leavey chose Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, who she looked up to before the debates. US will expect asian (vietnam) to tend to their own military defense -thought of SU as a detente, Wrote "The Silent Spring" sparking the environmentalism movement. Simmons has also been doing the debates in her classes for over 10 years. D Puritanism. I had never heard his name before I did this. increasing diversity in public institutions and businesses It spread to colleges throughought the country discussing unpopular faculty tenure decisions, dress codes, dormitory regulations, and appearances by Johnson administration officials. He vigorously opposed militarism. In her research, Leavey noted the barriers that Ginsburg broke down and Ginsburgs key court cases, both of which she mentioned in her argument. of Education, Dept. To add more fun to the debates and help students think outside the box, Simmons and Schwartz try to pair people who have no connection in history at all, such as Pocahontas vs Albert Einstein or Ray Kroc vs Kanye West. Students who win the debate will get to take away a President Pez, but every student will gain something from this activity new knowledge about American history, fresh perspectives on historical influence, and practical skills in research, public speaking and critical thinking.

In the past, Ive had students dress up as their person and come in. The judgesthe rest of the classtake a vote to decide the winner of the round. Some students select a less well-known historical figure. Televised speech made by vice-presidential candidate Richard Nixon, in which he responded to scandalous reports regarding a misuse of funds while he was in the Senate; the speech, in which he referred to the family's dog, saved his candidacy and illustrated the political potential of television. Def: Branch of Conservatives primarily focused on foreign policy, where it defines nation interests to include ideological interests. Student Non Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), Gave focus and force to earning equal treatment from whites in the south. Failed 1961 CIA-sponsored invasion of Cuba. You can never predict who is going to win, Schwartz said. In 1951, author of "The Cather in the Rye", about a troubled teen who struggles to keep his identity and not conform to society. an American advisor, diplomat, political scientist, and historian, best known as "the father of containment" and as a key figure in the emergence of the Cold War. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Students of Schwartzs fifth period APUSH class listen to sophomores Niya Tripathi (left) and Ely Snow (right) debate. encouraged poor people to participate in public-works programs. South Korean nationalist President allied with the US, Corrupt and forced out of office by student revolutions, Became famous after the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955, Advocated for self-defense as opposed to nonviolence. When: 1950s Where: US What: Period of blacklisting political opponents by labeling them communists. Civil rights demonstration on August 28, 1963, where the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. gave his "I have a dream" speech on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. Feminist author; wrote "The Feminine Mystique", criticizing the postwar "cult of domesticity.". It was a popular college-student organization, a vehicle to protest the shortcomings of American life from their perspective. Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. Singer whose music helped to transform and revolutionize popular music in the 1950s; fused rhythm and blues with bluegrass and country to form a new genre of music known as rock n' roll. When sophomore Healey Morgan reflected back on what she learned throughout the year, the impact of religion, specifically Christianity, on America stood out to her. founded after WW2 had 50 members now 192. SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee). a policy of threatening to go to war in response to an enemy aggresion. I feel like this year is a little bit more subdued. Since debaters dont know ahead of time what questions their opponents will ask in the cross-examination, they are challenged to recall information from their research and answer questions on the spot. Oct. 4, 1957, the Soviets launched the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth Initiated the "space race" between the USA and USSR, The first general-purpose commercial computer, The Organization man criticized conformity in America. OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries). Allowed LBJ to justify obtaining Congressional approval for actual war. President of Egypt and ardent Arab nationalist; when America withdrew its offer of support for the building of a much-needed dam on the Nile, he responded by nationalizing the Suez canal, leading to an attack by French, British, and Israeli forces and touching off the Suez crisis. Sophomore Colin Tierney represented Thomas Midgley, an engineer who invented leaded gas and certain plastics and contributed to aspects of mass destruction. ending separation based on race in housing, uneven distribution of wealth, overproduction by business and agriculture, and the fact that many Americans were buying less. Was an American poet and one of the leading figures of the Beat Generation in the 1950s. An unofficial region of the United States, generally consisting of the South and West (pg. Yearlong boycott sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks for violating the city's Jim Crow statues by sitting in the "whites only" section of a city bus. was hard to get through with congress and his short term. [Midgley] is super important, but not many people know about him.

the most influential television evangelist who led the religious right in support of Ronald Reagan. 16). But she also had negative influence, Leavey said. It advocated political activism to protest the Vietnam War, racial bigotry, and other problems. Lost patience with SCLC and NAACP, a 1964 project to register African-American voters in Mississippi. Republican candidate for president in 1952; a popular war hero who promised to end the war in Korea, he was overwhelmingly elected over Adlai Stevenson; portrayed himself as a "unpolitical" president, and presided over peace and prosperity during his administration. It was really interesting to me to learn how much George Whitefield had shaped US history and impacted so many different things that I didnt know before.. A group that wanted christian values to return to the government during the 1970s, a successful Virginian television and radio evangelist. Important battle of the Vietnam War in which France lost and public support waned thus sparking the U.S.'s unofficial entry into the conflict. Snow represented Louis Brandeis and Tripathi represented Elvis Presley. The debates also helped people train their ability to think on their feet. Classic feminist protest literature, written by Betty Friedan, that helped launch the modern women's movement; an indictment of the "stifling boredom" of suburban housewifery. I had to scour the internet and dig around for hours to find sources that would provide new information that I hadnt already found. This was key to the civil rights movement. Genre of popular music that fused black rhythm and blues with white bluegrass and country styles, crossing the cultural divide that had separated black and white musical traditions. There are certain figures that do well year after year, like Alexander Hamilton, Martin Luther King, Frederick Douglass, but we never know the winner for sure. What circumstances led to the rise of dictatorships in Europe? I liked the back and forth between the two opponents and being able to form an argument on the spot. No authority over military forces of individual countries. I definitely learned about how influence is influence whether its good or bad, which is so interesting to explore because, with RBG, she had a positive influence over womens rights and civil rights. That unpredictable part is fun.. Massive roundup of one million illegal Mexican immigrants; a response to the Mexican government's concerns that illegal immigration would undercut the bracero program. The case was prosecuted by Richard Nixon. Published "The Other America" in which he chronicled the continuing existence of poverty in America. Burst onto the national scene with accusations of over 200 communists working for the State Department. americans start questioning why we are in Vietnam and that fighting should stop. House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), Congressional Committee that investigated possible subversive activities within the United States Led by Joseph McCarthy. Supply route that carried troops and supplies, often by on people's backs, from North Vietnam to South Vietnam during the Vietnam War. I really like debates because it helps students practice public speaking in a small way, which is a skill that, especially after two years of Covid virtual learning, I feel like we struggle with, Simmons said. Cuban revolutionary who ousted Fulgencio Batista; when he began to expropriate American properties in Cuba, the United States cut off imports of Cuban sugar; he responded by allying with the Soviet Union, a move that caused the US to break off diplomatic relations and impose a strict trade embargo. The debates give students the opportunity to think critically about who has the most historical influence and research figures that may not have been focused on in the APUSH curriculum, which is why students cannot choose US Presidents. Simmons and Schwartz have been pleased with the debates so far. Meeting among leaders: Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill to discuss post-war reorganization in Europe. Im just happy that people are standing up in front of the class and speaking, Simmons said. Formed in 1960 by impassioned southern black students to give more focus and force to the wave of "sit-in" protests organized to compel equal treatment in restaurants, transportation, employment, housing, and voter registration; members lost patience with the tactics of Dr. King's SCLC and the NAACP. Allison Xu, a sophomore, is excited to join the Pitch as a Staff Writer this year. People like to rate things, saying this is better than that, Schwartz said. What: LBJ announced the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, stating that the North Vietnamese had attacked US ships. Seniors compete against juniors in powder puff flag football game, Emptier classes, hallways post graduation, Allison Hoefling utilizes the power of conversation, Students take on new responsibilities over the summer, Boys track finish 5th, girls team has impressive performances, Underpaid, tired, frustrated: the unspoken truth of high school employment, Different preferences cause different colleges, The official student newspaper of Walter Johnson High School, Your email address will not be published. John F. Kennedy's program. Organization formed by Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, and Venezuela in 1960 to protect their oil interests; developed a stranglehold on the Western economies over the next two decades, as America went from being an "oil power" to becoming a net oil importer. Battle between French colonial forces in Indochina and Viet Minh guerillas; the Vietnamese nationalists were ultimately victorious and Vietnam was divided into two halves, with the North controlled by a communist regime led by Ho Chi Minh and the South governed by pro-Western Ngo Dinh Diem. Soviet satellite launched into orbit in 1957, astounding the world and rattling America's self-confidence regarding scientific superiority and military security; Eisenhower established NASA and set aside billions for missile development. Once, someone came in as John Marshall and they wore white robes. Act that authorized a $27 billion public works project to build 42,000 miles of modern, multilane roads across the nation; created countless jobs but speeded suburbanization, with disastrous consequences for cities; also led to concerns about environmental impact and energy consumption. led by Mario Savio it protested on behalf of students rights. Signed in 1979, ended 30 years of hostilities between Egypt and Israel and became the first signed agreement between Israel and an Arab country. - African American Muslim minister and civil rights activist - Wanted confrontation - In the north -outspoken critic of King -Felt violence might be necessary -Black separatism. President Lyndon Johnson's vision of social, economic, and cultural progress in the united states. Nixon used price and wage controls and increased government spending to fight it. Its important for kids to get up in front of an audience and articulate ideas. Everybody has had a core argument that theyre making and theyre doing a good job of backing up that core argument. Ive been impressed with that, Simmons said. "if you nuke us, you will be destroyed!". Believe that everyone is created equal and should have the same rights. How did newly-emancipated slaves exercise their freedom? Although the charges proved to be false, he used the Senate subcommittee he chaired to hold hearings and propose crazy allegations against individuals and government agencies. Televised hearings in which the U.S. Army fought back against Senator McCarthy's unwarranted accusations; the broadcast fascinated the American public and led to McCarthy's downfall, as he appeared irrational, reckless, and mean-spirited; he was condemned by Congress a few months later. Explain. She was the beginning of the civil rights movement in the 1950s. of Energy, Camp David Accords, Iran hostage crisis, A religious impulse where traditional protestants beginning to rise up in defense of traditional morals along with traditional Catholics andJews with the rise of sex, abortion, and birth control, Christian, conservative, americans who resisted the growing rise of the gov't. Schwartz is holding a tournament-style debate, so round winners compete until one final winner emerges. When Egyptian president Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal, British, French, and Israeli forces staged a joint assault on Egypt, cutting off Western Europe's oil supply; when the United States, who had been kept in the dark about the plan, refused to release emergency oil supplies, the allies were compelled to withdraw troops and the United Nations was forced to intervene. Civil Rights leader who gained prominence during the Montgomery bus boycott; advocated nonviolent action and formed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to mobilize the vast power of black churches on behalf of civil rights. Sometimes students will think it must be the political people that are really influential, like Alexander Hamilton or Benjamin Franklin, but it never occurs to them that people who develop tech are really influential to their direct lives. beginning the process of desegregation in schools Weve had a year where Norman Borlaug, the guy from the Green Revolution, won. Statement created by Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt that declared their two countries intentions in 1941. An opposition of environmental law. It is interesting for Schwartz to see students expand their notions about what is historical influence. Term for the dangerous forces of unfairness and fear that a democratic society can unleash; refers to the ruthless red-hunting of Senator McCarthy, who destroyed countless careers by feeding on the America's fears of communist infiltration, damaging the American traditions of fair play and free speech. These are some of the reasons that made the debates the perfect project to do after the AP exam.. Why did New England Federalists gather in Hartford, Connecticut, 1814? In the debates, each student selects and represents a historical figure, arguing against their opponents figure, to try to win the title of Most Influential Person in United States History. The debates consist of three-minute constructive speeches, two-minute cross-examinations and one-minute closing statements from both students. Your email address will not be published. -distrusted progress, power, and material gain, -found a receptive audience in American youth. His successor, Lyndon B. Johnson had greater success with many of the same concepts of Kennedy's program. What were affirmative action programs originally designed to encourage? Rigid set of antiquated segregation laws that governed all aspects of southern blacks' existence, keeping them economically inferior and politically powerless. I chose him because I wanted to learn about him and educate other people about him. a feminist organization founded in 1966 that helped the feminist movement gain organizational bases that could sponsor demonstrations and exchange ideas. Secretary of State under Eisenhower who promoted a "policy of boldness" to combat communism. She chose to represent George Whitefield, an 18th-century preacher during the Great Awakening, and debated Karl Marx and Ruth Bader Ginsburg. Ideas about spiritual, social, and political equality arose in the colonies in the 1700s in a religious movement called A Separatism . The Senate majority leader from Texas, he lost the presidential nomination to JFK, disappointing the South, but accepted the offer to run as vice president on the Democratic ticket. Creates: 1) CIA (to spy on the Russians) 2) NAC: the "think tank" 3) Department of Defense, Removes power from labor unions; president can end strikes if they are deemed dangerous, FDR's Republican opponent in 1944 presidential election, the declaration that U.S. foreign policy would use intervention to support peoples who allied with the united States against communist external subjugation. Going from fighting fascism to fighting communism. A confessed Communist, became a star witness for the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1948. Conservative. Kids like to be competitive. reflects campaign and commitment against communists in USA, destroyed lives. Sign: Emphasize American power and patriotism. contradicted US claims that the war was going well and realized war would last much longer, Communist opposition group in South Vietnam, used guerrilla warfare tactics, A native American group that used a combative style in response to modest government reforms, Led boycotts to get better pay for immigrants working on farms, change from conventional standards to what we call "hippies". If Nixon had admitted toand apologized for the Watergate break-in, how might subsequent events have been different? the 1954 Supreme Court decision that ruled that segregated schools violated the equal protection clause of the 14 amendment, created to preserve dino bones, dam to be built below it, A symbol of 1950's rebellion youth culture. It led to a more interesting debate than just people reading out their opening and closing statements, Morgan said. founded the moral majority, Dept. led a uprising that succeeded in overthrowing the cuban dictator, An experienced diplomat who had helped organize the United Nations after WWII, nuclear deterrence .