Maize offal a by product of maize grains obtained after dehulling the maize is yet another feedstuff rich in crude protein and energy (McDonald et al 1988) and abundantly available in all the geo-political zones in Nigeria. 128:47-85, Rava, E., 1996. The https:// means all transmitted data is encrypted in other words, any information or browsing history that you provide is transmitted securely. Africa, Morogoro, Tanzania, 16-21 December 1978, 100-112, Mjema-Mweta, W. J. ; Mtimuni, J. P. ; Kamwanja, L. A. , 1995. Scient., 24 (4): 349-354, Bremer, V. B. ; Erickson, G. E. ; Klopfenstein, T. J. ; Gibson, M. L. ; Vander Pol, K. J. ; Greenquist, M. A., 2005. In Malawi, with Tilapia rendalli fingerlings, a comparison of maize bran and rice bran as energy supplements to soybean meal-based diets concluded that maize bran supplementation gave better performance than rice bran (Mulumpwa et al., 2009). In some developing countries, maize bran is a major ingredient for smallholder pig feeding, as reported for example from Tanzania (Karimuribo et al., 2011) and Chad (Mopat et al., 2011). Sci., 90 (4): 12421254, Arndt, C.; Armentano, L. E.; Hall, M. B., 2014. Maize bran and hominy feed are primarily used as sources of energy for ruminants. Health Prod., 41 (3): 329-336, Kelzer, J. M. ; Kononoff, P. J. ; Tedeschi, L. O. ; Jenkins, T. C. ; Karges, K. ; Gibson, M., 2010. The ME content of maize bran is approximately 90 and 80% of the ME of corn gluten feed and grain, respectively. Feed Res., 3 (4): 159-164, Adeyina, A. O. ; Apata, D. F. ; Annongu, A. 2): 131, Butterworth, M. H. ; Chintsanya, N. C. C. ; Phiri, K. M. J. ; Mitengo Gama, P. W. S, 1984. The health benefit compounds of maize are abundantly located in the bran, such as phenols with anti-cancer properties. Nevertheless, maize bran contaminated with mycotoxins may impair rabbit performance (Muir et al., 1996). Determination of mycotoxins in maize and maize products. Nebraska Beef Cattle Rep. MP71-A. J. Anim. Piccioni, M., 1965. Online J. Anim. Fibre content (crude fibre 5-20% DM, NDF 20-60% DM) tends to be higher than for other maize by-products, and much more variable. Soc. Prof. Anim. Hominy feed containing 5-8% fat and 20% starch was found to have 87% of the energy value of maize grain in steers (Larson et al., 1993). Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. Paper 337, Herold, D. W. ; Cooper, R. ; Klopfenstein, T. J. ; Milton, T. ; Stock, R., 1999. Trop., 20 (2): 247-258, Chandrasekharaiah, M. ; Sampath, K. T. ; Thulasi, A. ; Anandan, S., 2001. NDF and ADF can be predicted from crude fibre and ash (all data in % of DM) from the following equations (Feedipedia, 2015): The starch content is also quite variable (17-54% of DM), closely and negatively related to the cell wall contents. In a cafeteria feeding system with a choice of ingredients offered to rabbits, maize bran was offered ad libitum without problems and accounted for up to 50% of total DM intake. Effects of dietary replacement of maize with malted or unmalted sorghum on the performance of weaner rabbits. In Kenya, supplementation of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) with 1 kg DM of maize bran did not significantly reduce the rumen degradation of the forage. We need your help to keep providing reference-based feeding recommendations for your animals. Biotech. A. , 1979. Sci., 5: 53-57, Aderemi, F. ; Wuraola, A., 2010. Byproduct of flour or grits manufacture from maize grain (Zea mays L.). Maize bran and hominy feed. Before sharing sensitive information online, make sure youre on a .gov or .mil site by inspecting your browsers address (or location) bar. Zool., 1 (1): 30-32, Akinfala, E. O. ; Macaulay, O. ; Ogundeji, S. T., 2014. Mycotoxins in ingredients of animal feeding stuffs: II. Feed Sci. Is it valuable to you? Applied Rabbit Res., 12: 268-292, Iyayi, E. A. ; Ogunsola, O. ; Ijaya, R., 2005. A strategy in which maize bran only partially replaces ground maize and part of the forage may be preferable (Arndt et al., 2014). Any amount is the welcome. Int. Tokenomics: Does our economy work on the blockchain. Sci., 82 (12): 3543-3548, Manafi, M. ; Bagheri, H. ; Yazdani, M., 2011. In Poland, broilers fed diets where hominy feed replaced 50 to 100% of the maize had lower growth and feed conversion rates, but enzyme supplementation improved feed conversion rate and nutrient digestibility (Kaczmarek et al., 2009). Energy concentration and amino acid digestibility in corn and corn coproducts from the wet-milling industry fed to growing pigs. In two comparisons of maize by-products in the USA, maize bran had one of the lowest ME value (12.4-12.9 MJ/kg DM) corresponding to 78-80% of maize grain (Anderson et al., 2012; Liu et al., 2014).This value was higher than the ME value of 8.2 MJ/kg DM (51% of maize) reported by the INRA-AFZ tables (Sauvant et al., 2004). Hasan and M.B. In Indonesia, low-fat hominy feed (3% as fed) was included at 18% in broiler diets (replacing 33% of maize) without depressing performance, but higher rates were detrimental (Kompiang et al., 1998). pp. Rural Dev., 17 (1): 2, Mopat, L. Y. ; Kabor-Zoungrana, C. Y. ; Facho B., 2011. Effect of Dakota Bran inclusion on DMI, gain, efficiency, and carcass characteristics of finishing steers. Did you find the information you were looking for? Res. Maize bran is an extremely variable product. (Ed. Maize bran and hominy feed can be used as a partial replacement for maize grain in poultry diets, depending on their composition. Metabolizable energy of feed ingredients for the growing chick. Comparative utilization of different fibre feedstuffs by weaning/growing pigs in the tropics. The nutritive value of maize bran is close to that of cereals, with a calculated digestible energy value of about 13.7 MJ/kg DM, representing about 90-95% of that of cereals, and with a high protein digestibility (about 83-84%) (Lebas, 2013). A. ; Akande, T. O. ; Yusuph, A. S. ; Salami, R. I., 2002. Effects of three agricultural by-products on cage culture growth performances of a landlocked population of. Zoot. Wheat bran contributes bulk to ruminant feeds and is a source of carbohydrates, protein, minerals and vitamins. Effect of replacing maize with a mixture of rumen content and blood meal on the performances of growing rabbits: initial study with mash feed. In many tropical countries, the local maize bran is considered as a traditional feed ingredient for growing rabbits, for example in Nigeria (Adenyia et al., 2010; Njidda et al., 2011), Burkina Faso (Hoffmann, 1990), Benin (Lebas et al., 2012), Tanzania (McNitt, 1979) and Brazil (Oliveira et al., 2008). N. Am. Anim. Sci., 85 (Suppl. Food Add. In Nigeria, maize bran included at 25% in the diets of growing pigs gave the best average daily gain and the second best profit (after brewers grains) in a comparison of several by-products (palm kernel cake, wheat offal, rice bran and brewers grains) (Akinfala et al., 2014). In some experimental studies, maize bran was safely incorporated at up to 65% in the control diet (Sarwatt et al., 2003). Solvent-extracted germ meal, corn bran, and steep liquor blends for finishing steers. J. A., 2007. Maize bran is one of the main ingredients used by tilapia farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (El-Sayed, 2013). The use of cereal by-products in growing pig diets: effects on growth performance, digestibility and carcass quality. Sci., 85 (Suppl. Dairy Sci., 92 (3): 1117-1123, Donkoh, A. ; Attoh-Kotoku, V., 2009. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner, 3 (3): 158-164, Larson, E. M. ; Stock, R. A. ; Klopfenstein, T. J. ; Sindt, M. H. ; Shain, D. H., 1993. Maize bran and hominy feed are presented together in this datasheet since both products are closely related and form a continuum in terms of chemical composition. Livest. Res. Hominy feed, particularly, is considered an excellent feed for poultry (Blair, 2008). Vet. J. Stall feeding beef cattle with agricultural by products in Malawi. What is the percentage crude protein in maize bran? In the case of ethanol production, maize bran is defined as the mixture of the bran fraction and distillers solubles (Kalscheur et al., 2012). Biosci., 41: 2757-2764, Moset, V. ; Ferrer, P. ; Torres-Pitarch, A. ; Bonet, J. ; Coma, J. ; Martinez, M. ; Villagra, A. ; Gomez, E. ; Cerisuelo, A., 2013. Performance of lactating dairy cows fed diets based on sorghum and ryegrass silage and different energy supplements. In finishing steers, maize bran from ethanol production (a mixture of bran and solubles) included at up to 45% of DM improved final weight, average daily gain, DM intake and feed:gain ratio compared to a blend of high-moisture and dry-rolled maize (Bremer et al., 2005). Evaluation of corn bran and corn steep liquor for finishing steers. Technol., 4 (2): 149-154, Anderson, P. V. ; Kerr, B. J. ; Weber, T. E. ; Ziemer, C. J. ; Shurson, G. C., 2012. Trop. J. Agric. Trop. Indian J. Poult. Livest. Rur. Trop. Res. Biol. One advantage of maize bran is that it provides energy without causing negative digestive interactions with other ingredients. 1. A. ; O. I. ; A. ; Okupke, K. M., 2010. Bran is the seed coat or outer layer of a cereal grain. The effect on performance and the economic feasibility of substituting maize hominy for maize in tropical broiler diets. Poult. Hominy based concentrate as a supplement for grazing dairy cows. On-farm feeding and feed management in aquaculture. Generally, wheat bran will have a crude protein level of 14-17 percent; crude fat, 3-4.5 percent; and crude fibre, 10.5-12 percent. The effect of maize bran or maize bran mixed with sunflower cake on the performance of smallholder dairy cows in urban and peri-urban area in Morogoro, Tanzania. However, maize bran has to be combined with a protein supplement. 1st Workshop on indigenous poultry development, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, 29-30/10/2003, Tahir, M. I. ; Khalique, A. ; Pasha, T. N. ; Bhatti, J. Sci., 4 (9): 695-700, Janicek, B. N. ; Kononoff, P. J. ; Gehman, A. M. ; Karges, K. ; Gibson, M. L., 2007. Energy value of corn wet milling by-product feeds for finishing ruminants. Nutrition and feeding of organic poultry. Res. Availability and nutritive value of rice bran, maize bran and sorghum bran used for pig feeding in NDjamena (Chad). 15me Journes de la Recherche Cunicole, Le Mans, 19-20 novembre 2013, Leeson, S. ; Hussar, N. ; Summers, J. D., 1988. A. ; Bernard, J. K. ; West, J. W. ; Parks, A. H., 2008. Dev., 23 (8): 172, Katongole, C. B. ; Sabiiti, E. N. ; Bareeba, F. B. ; Ledin, I., 2009. Maize bran is frequently cited in the scientific literature as a major ingredient for poultry in Africa and Asia (Malawi, Gondwe et al., 2007; Nigeria, Iyayi et al., 2005; Ghana, Donkoh et al., 2009; South Africa, Swatson et al., 2003; India, Byju et al., 2012; Iran, Manafi et al., 2011). Whole wheat flour is comprised of the wheat germ (the inner part of the grain kernel), endosperm (the bulk of the grain kernel), and branall of which are milled together. Anim. American Association of Animal Feed Control Officials, Ademola, S. G. ; Egbewande, O. O. ; Lawal, T. E. ; Isah, A. T. ; Kuranga, S. M., 2012. The Maize germ contains abundant of oil and vitamins with are good for human health. Soc. Maize bran is a by-product of various maize processing industries, including starch and ethanol production, and the production of maize-based foods. However, new fortified varieties are also being produced in the American region. Survival rate with the by-products was lower than with commercial feeds (Ouattara et al., 2005). Effect on reproductive performance. Agric. J. Anim. Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. Nutr. Sci., 71 (5): 1092-1099, Larson, D. M. ; Bauer, M. L. ; Lardy, G. P. ; Karges, K. K. ; Gibson, M. L., 2007. J. Anim. Bras., 14 (1): 32-40, Sarwatt, S. V. ; Laswai, G. H. ; Ubwe, R., 2003. Likewise, in Tanzania, goats grazing star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis) benefitted from leucaena supplementation when maize bran was included in the diet (Mjema-Mweta et al., 1995). Zootecnia Trop., 21 (3), Macken, C. N. ; Erickson, G. E. ; Klopfenstein, T. J. ; Milton, C. T. ; Stock, R. A., 2004. Growth patterns and dynamics of indigenous chicken under traditional farming systems. A. ; Isidahomen, C. E., 2011. Rur. In the USA, maize bran from wet milling fed to cattle at 15 or 30% (diet DM), either alone or in combination with steep liquor, increased DM intake and average daily gain, compared with a predominately dry-rolled maize diet. J. Anim. In Nigeria, the inclusion of 40% maize bran in partial substitution for maize grain in broiler diets was found detrimental to weight gain and feed conversion, but increased general acceptability of the broiler meat (Iyayi et al., 2005). Methods of small holder rabbit production. Dairy Sci., 97 (9): 5676-5687, Blair, R., 2007.