2They spoke to them at Shiloh in the land of Canaan, saying, "The Lord commanded through Moses to give us cities to live in, with their pasture lands for our cattle." This is one of the best verses in the Bible to see the meaning of the word "fear" (BDB 431, KB 432). This is a fulfilled prophecy from Exodus 23:27 and Deut.

5For all the people who came out were circumcised, but all the people who were born in the wilderness along the way as they came out of Egypt had not been circumcised. 19:10-15). Jdgs. 6:10, BDB 929, KB 1206, Hiphil imperative and Hiphil perfect, 6."took up," Jos. 2:18 and was honored by Joshua. 28:1-2,15). It was part of the idiomatic phrase, "from Dan to Beersheba" which described the Promised Land. 19Then Joshua said to the people, "You will not be able to serve the Lord, for He is a holy God. NASB (UPDATED TEXT): JOSHUA 22:30-31 26They raised over him a great heap of stones that stands to this day, and the Lord turned from the fierceness of His anger. 1Then the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying, 2"Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, 'Designate the cities of refuge, of which I spoke to you through Moses, 3that the manslayer who kills any person unintentionally, without premeditation, may flee there, and they shall become your refuge from the avenger of blood. In reality YHWH is the power and Israel the instrument of His power.

8:4). 34:1 this is another reference to Mt. 25From the half-tribe of Manasseh, they allotted Taanach with its pasture lands and Gath-rimmon with its pasture lands; two cities. Verse 6 contains several imperatives in the message the Gibeonites sent to Joshua. d."She (Rahab) has lived in the midst of Israel to this day" (6:25). Jos.

15They came to the sons of Reuben and to the sons of Gad and to the half-tribe of Manasseh, to the land of Gilead, and they spoke with them saying, 16 "Thus says the whole congregation of the Lord, 'What is this unfaithful act which you have committed against the God of Israel, turning away from following the Lord this day, by building yourselves an altar, to rebel against the Lord this day? 19:47; Judges 18). . 45:23; 55:11). 17:1-13. 9:12-13, 2."go to meet," BDB 229, KB 246 (plus Qal infinitive construct, BDB 55, KB 65), 3."make a covenant," BDB 503, KB 500, cf. 2:1, 3.a city in the allotment of Judah, 15:7. 3:12). This is not the one in Judah (i.e., Gen. 35:19; 48:7; Ruth 1:1-2,19; Micah 5:2).

(3) The title for Deity, "the God of Israel," occurs in Joshua 14 times but never in the Pentateuch. 41Joshua struck them from Kadesh-barnea even as far as Gaza, and all the country of Goshen even as far as Gibeon. Only two of them, Joshua and Caleb, had faith to enter the promised land (cf. These are the inheritances which Eleazar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the households of the tribes of the sons of Israel distributed by lot in Shiloh before the, 20:3 "who kills any person unintentionally, without premeditation", 20:4 "he shall stand at the entrance of the gate of the city and state his case in the hearing of the elders of that city", 20:5 "he struck his neighbor without premeditation and did not hate him beforehand", 20:6 "until the death of the one who was High Priest in those days", "for the stranger who sojourns among them", "until he stands before the congregation".

Do not tremble or be dismayed, for the Lord your God is with you wherever you go. 9:5) This is the only place in the Old Testament where this full title is used. 16:2 "Bethel to Luz" This text implies that Bethel and Luz are two different cities, but other texts state they are different names for the same city (cf. There is always only an analogous sense. 1:1. "why did You ever bring" There is an intensity in this phrase by the use of a Hiphil perfect and Hiphil infinitive absolute of the same verb (BDB 716, KB 778). NASB"the host" 22They departed and came to the hill country, and remained there for three days until the pursuers returned. 9Have I not commanded you? 24:16; Gen. 44:7; 1 Sam. 1."the law which Moses My servant commanded you," 1:7; 22:5, 3."the book of the law of Moses," 8:31; 23:6. "an altar of uncut stones" The Canaanite altars were made of cut stones, but YHWH's altars were always made of uncut stones (cf. 6:7, BDB 716, KB 778, Qal imperative, 3."march around," Jos. And the territory of their inheritance was as far as Sarid. Apparently Judah never fully captured it or any of the main cities on the plain where chariot forces were used. v.11) literally meant "to cut off" or "cut down." 14:12-15). NKJV"the king of the people of Gilgal" So they finished dividing the land. 1:6-4:49, God's past acts for Israel), 4.results of treaty (Deuteronomy 27-29), 5.witness of deity (Deut. This meant that the distance referred to here was about 3,000 feet. 19:33 "from the oak" Trees often were associated with holy sites (cf. 24They said to Joshua, "Surely the Lord has given all the land into our hands; moreover, all the inhabitants of the land have melted away before us.". How could these brothers so quickly be willing to kill each other over something like this? Deut. Here it is used in the sense of "cut a covenant" (BDB 136), which originally involved a sacrifice (e.g., Gen. 15:10,17-18; Jer. 21:21, a.Gen. 33:19; 34:2,4,6,8,11,13,18,20,24,26; Jos. 6:23, BDB 422, KB 425, Hiphil imperfect and Hiphil PERFECT, 9."was," Jos. This section may have a separate source because its form is different from the rest of the lists of cities. And the border of the north side was from the bay of the sea at the mouth of the Jordan. 23This was the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Issachar according to their families, the cities with their villages. 18:1 that Joshua had moved the camp and the tabernacle to Shiloh. 7:11, BDB 716, KB 778, Qal perfect, 3."taken some of the things," Jos. 39He captured it and its king and all its cities, and they struck them with the edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed every person who was in it. NKJV"these cities and their common-land" It is not modern, western, chronological, cause and effect, recording of events! 11So our elders and all the inhabitants of our country spoke to us, saying, 'Take provisions in your hand for the journey, and go to meet them and say to them, "We are your servants; now then, make a covenant with us.' 18:10,14; Jos. 43So the Lord gave Israel all the land which He had sworn to give to their fathers, and they possessed it and lived in it. Notice the covenantal need for continuing human response. 20:24; Deut. Num. 9:6 "they went to Joshua. This is a study guide commentary, which means that you are responsible for your own interpretation of the Bible. NASB (UPDATED TEXT): JOSHUA 6:12-14 7:3, 4."associate with them and they with you," BDB 97, KB 112, Qal perfect, cf. Notice that love for God is expressed through obedience to His covenant. 1:13; 3:9). Jos. And all Israel stoned them with stones; and they burned them with fire after they had stoned them with stones.

23Then the two men returned and came down from the hill country and crossed over and came to Joshua the son of Nun, and they related to him all that had happened to them. 31:23). However, some of the events could not have occurred until later. Some have related this account to Noah's cursing of Canaan (cf. 18Their territory was to Jezreel and included Chesulloth and Shunem, 19and Hapharaim and Shion and Anaharath, 20and Rabbith and Kishion and Ebez, 21and Remeth and En-gannim and En-haddah and Beth-pazzez. 4:2,22,27; 5:15; 22:14; Num. "only be strong and courageous" God reaffirms His charge to Joshua (cf. 6:15; 7:4; 11:17; 29:27; 31:17) anger of God. NASB (UPDATED TEXT): JOSHUA 10:36-37 33:55; Jdgs. 4.What was the lot and how did it work? Several cities were burned by Joshua (Jericho, Ai, 8:28; Hazor, 11:6,9,11,13). 15:21-32 This names the cities located in the far south (Negev). Acacia wood is dark, hard wood used extensively in the tabernacle (cf. NASB (UPDATED TEXT): JOSHUA 8:3-9 .Jarmuth.

50:37), therefore, they may have functioned as a means of humiliation, as well as servitude (cf. 15Then she let them down by a rope through the window, for her house was on the city wall, so that she was living on the wall. Ezek. 12The sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh crossed over in battle array before the sons of Israel, just as Moses had spoken to them; 13about 40, 000 equipped for war, crossed for battle before the Lord to the desert plains of Jericho. Gen. 13:18; 14:13; 18:1; 21:33; 35:4; Jdgs. 33But to the tribe of Levi, Moses did not give an inheritance; the Lord, the God of Israel, is their inheritance, as He had promised to them. "and became as water" It is possible that this is related to the idiom of Ezek. 9:17). It is very similar to a description found in the Mishnah (Talmud). Gen. 28:13-14). 37They captured it and struck it and its king and all its cities and all the persons who were in it with the edge of the sword. This same group appears in Jos. 13Rise up! 19The border continued to the side of Beth-hoglah northward; and the border ended at the north bay of the Salt Sea, at the south end of the Jordan. 21She said, "According to your words, so be it." 10:30 Just as in Jos. 1:16). 3Then I took your father Abraham from beyond the River, and led him through all the land of Canaan, and multiplied his descendants and gave him Isaac. 15:2; 24:10. This is a balance between the Old Testament emphasis on individual responsibility (cf. Exod. 24:3, 4 (twice), 5 (four), 6, 7, 8 (three), 10 (twice); 1:1,12,13)! 47The territory of the sons of Dan proceeded beyond them; for the sons of Dan went up and fought with Leshem and captured it. God is faithful, but the covenant is conditional. 2:27; 5:32; 9:12; 11:16; 17:17,20; 28:14; 1 Sam. 19:23; 20:6, 4.Ammon's rape of his half sister Tamar, 2 Sam. 21:8 This is an example of the repetitive style of Hebrew historical narrative. 4, pp. 21:35; Deut. 4They came near before Eleazar the priest and before Joshua the son of Nun and before the leaders, saying, "The Lord commanded Moses to give us an inheritance among our brothers." 7:26; 8:29; 18:17; 2 Sam. Jos. 2."Do not be dismayed," BDB 369, KB 365, Qal imperfect used in a jussive sense, 3."Take all the people," BDB 542, KB 534, Qalimperative, 4."Arise," BDB 877, KB 1086, Qal imperative, 5."Go up to Ai," BDB 748, KB 828, Qal imperative, 6."See, I have given," BDB 906, KB 1157, Qal imperative followed by BDB 678, KB 733, Qal perfect. 4:8]; Deut. Jos. 23From the tribe of Dan, Elteke with its pasture lands, Gibbethon with its pasture lands, 24Aijalon with its pasture lands, Gath-rimmon with its pasture lands; four cities. 6.Why did the eastern tribes build an altar on their side of the Jordan? 1."saw," BDB 906, KB 1157, Qal imperfect, 2."coveted," BDB 326, KB 325, Qal imperfect, 3."took," BDB 542, KB 534, Qal imperfect, 4."concealed," BDB 380, KB 377, Qal passive participle. The NIDOTTE, vol. The fact that only Sidon is mentioned and not Tyre (cf. Anat was his consort. 1:11-15). 1 Chr. This book has been lost except for the biblical quotes. Jdgs. NASB (UPDATED TEXT): JOSHUA 19:51 31:2; Deut. Jos.

. 3:12 "take for yourselves twelve men from the tribes of Israel, one man for each tribe" Notice that this does not include the tribe of Levi. Gen. 20:16; Exod. 22:10 "the region of the Jordan" The term translated "region" (BDB 165, cf. The consequences of disobedience were terminal! Its land was between the powerful tribes of Judah to the south and Ephraim to the north. It was the daughters who had no brothers who settled in Canaan. 19:4 "Bethul" This city ("man of God," BDB 143) is also in the allocation of Judah (cf. Ps. In this text it refers to the northern region of this topography (i.e., north of Mt. Genesis 17).

Jos. "until all the nation had finished crossing the Jordan" We learn from 4:10 that the people hurried across. 3However, Zelophehad, the son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Machir, the son of Manasseh, had no sons, only daughters; and these are the names of his daughters: Mahlah and Noah, Hoglah, Milcah and Tirzah. 33In the lowland: Eshtaol and Zorah and Ashnah, "the land was subdued before them" The verb (BDB 461, KB 460, Niphal perfect) does not seem to truly describe the situation. 26Then Joshua made them take an oath at that time, saying, "Cursed before the Lord is the man who rises up and builds this city Jericho; with the loss of his firstborn he shall lay its foundation, and with the loss of his youngest son he shall set up its gates." 10:8 "Do not fear them" The verb (BDB 431, KB 432) is a Qal imperfect, used in a jussive sense. Sinai with Moses (half-wayExod. 14:14; Deut. 10:4, 3."save us," BDB 446, KB 448, Hiphil imperative, 4."help us," BDB 740, KB 810, Qal imperative, cf. This was the south border. "do not come near it" The verb (BDB 897, KB 1132, Qal imperfect) is JUSSIVE in meaning. Jos. Jos.

22:18, 19(twice), 29; Num.

. The exact location of it is uncertain, but this is another eyewitness account. 8:10-17 This paragraph gives the details of the battle for both Ai and Bethel. NASB (UPDATED TEXT): JOSHUA 10:1-5 Joshua wants these remaining tribes to act on YHWH's promises and possess their inheritance! See chart below. 9:9 and 10 these Canaanites mention nothing of the victories of Joshua at Jericho and Ai.

The only time Israel came close to these boundaries was during the kingdoms of David and Solomon. 8:19; Jdgs. YHWH will not overlook rebellion (cf. 11:23 The tribes were initially about the same size. Joshua told Ephraim earlier that if they wanted more land they should conquer what was already allocated to them. It seems that for some reason the children of Israel did not circumcise during the wilderness wandering period. Israel was to aggressively attack and continue to attack until all were deadno mercy, holy war! "He will not forgive your transgressions and sins" Covenant obedience is crucial. "the terror of you has fallen on us" The term "terror" (BDB 33) is often used of YHWH's supernatural intervention in battle (e.g., Exod. 6I brought your fathers out of Egypt, and you came to the sea; and Egypt pursued your fathers with chariots and horsemen to the Red Sea. .south" The ancient Hebrews denoted compass directions by facing "east" (the rising sun). The parallel phrases "in all your hearts" and "in all your souls" are synonymous and refer to the entire person. 13:27; 19:35). 23:25, 2.negatively (Asherim), Deut. Chapter 7 will describe the consequences of disobedience! 1."do" or "make," BDB 793, KB 889, Qal imperfect, but used in a cohortative sense, 2."build," BDB 124, KB 139, Qal infinitive construct. 1:8 about covenant responsibility: 1.talk about it continually (cf. 20This we will do to them, even let them live, so that wrath will not be upon us for the oath which we swore to them." 15:4 "the brook of Egypt" The term "brook" (BDB 636) is "wadi," which denotes a river bed or channel which is dry part of the year. 2:19-20 Notice the conditional covenant related to the faith of Rahab (cf. 4:9; 2 Kgs. 7Only be strong and very courageous; be careful to do according to all the law which Moses My servant commanded you; do not turn from it to the right or to the left, so that you may have success wherever you go.

3:15). 2.How is the crossing of the Jordan related to the crossing of the Red Sea? Some try to relate it to the Urim and Thummin (cf. 53and Janum and Beth-tappuah and Aphekah, 9:26), 2.fresh water reeds in the Nile (cf.

Jos. (3)The closing scribal note of the Masoretic Text (MT) of the Pentateuch makes a distinction. Gen. 24:57), 2."mouth of the sword," meaning "the cutting edge of a sword" (cf. 1Now it came about after the death of Moses the servant of the Lord, that the Lord spoke to Joshua the son of Nun, Moses' servant, saying, 2" Moses My servant is dead; now therefore arise, cross this Jordan, you and all this people, to the land which I am giving to them, to the sons of Israel. 33:18-19, Manasseh - Jos.

Gen. 17:9-14). Now their cities were Gibeon and Chephirah and Beeroth and Kiriath-jearim. 2 Sam. 10:10, of the power and victory belonging to YHWH. 28This is the inheritance of the sons of Gad according to their families, the cities and their villages. Genesis 17), not that someone would be circumcised a second time. NIDOTTE, vol. 15:63) to the south. Jos. This term does not appear in the Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Old Testament, or the Vulgate, the Latin translation of the Old Testament. 13:14; Num. The fact that it was carried here by the Levitical priests shows the significance of this particular event (also the cloud apparently was not visible). Israel inhabited many Canaanite cities. 4.How do these two chapters show us that God cares about all the world and not just Israel? Many scholars assert that there are two different accounts of the same event here, but it seems obvious to me that there are two different piles of stones. Often in the OT it was lush with foliage, but later it was mostly treeless.

NASB (UPDATED TEXT): JOSHUA 21:5

3:12). "the word" See Numbers 14:24,30. "Moses the man of God" The phrase, "man of God," is used of several people: 1.Moses (cf. Jos. 13So they stationed the people, all the army that was on the north side of the city, and its rear guard on the west side of the city, and Joshua spent that night in the midst of the valley. 30:16; Ezra 3:2; Ps. 4:13 One wonders whether this number applies to only the three tribes who settled on the eastern side of the Jordan or to the whole Israeli army. Jdgs. Jewish sources assert that this is Michael, the national angel (prince, e.g., Dan. This shows that although leaders come and go, God is the consistent power and strength of the people. This is a repeated theme throughout this period of Israel's history. We hear about Phinehas earlier in Num. 29He hanged the king of Ai on a tree until evening; and at sunset Joshua gave command and they took his body down from the tree and threw it at the entrance of the city gate, and raised over it a great heap of stones that stands to this day. 32:28-32; Deut. The NKJV and the JPSOA translations think it was another way of referring to Beersheba or possibly a scribal error in writing the last of the previous city's name twice. And they raised over him a great heap of stones that stands to this day" Basically there are two Hebrew words for "stone." 1."go," BDB 229, KB 246, Qal imperative, 2."view," BDB 906, KB 1157, Qal imperative. This was a Hebrew idiom of contempt (literally, "to cut" or "to sharpen," BDB 358, KB 356, Qal perfect, cf. "from Gilgal" In Hebrew "Gilgal" means "circle" (BDB 166). 7:24; 11:25). B.The Hittite treaties of the second millennium b.c. Jos. (1) There is a special use of the personal pronoun in Joshua that is not in the Pentateuch.

24:26-27). .I will. 26:7-8; Deut.

Jos. 4, pp. 1Then it came about, when Jabin king of Hazor heard of it, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon and to the king of Shimron and to the king of Achshaph, 2and to the kings who were of the north in the hill country, and in the Arabahsouth of Chinneroth and in the lowland and on the heights of Dor on the west 3to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and the Amorite and the Hittite and the Perizzite and the Jebusite in the hill country, and the Hivite at the foot of Hermon in the land of Mizpeh. 7:1 "the sons of Israel acted unfaithfully" The verb "acted unfaithfully" (BDB 591, KB 612, Qal imperfect) means "to act under cover" or "trust-breaking." Verse 24 has, "thirty-one kings." 15:6. NASB"to the desert plains of Jericho" See Special Topic at Jos. 3:15 so that they were visible all year except during the few weeks of the flood stage. F.The accurate listing of the names of ancient cities fits a contemporary author, not a later editor(s).

10:9-13). 21:23 "the tribe of Dan" This refers to the southern allotment of Dan in the coastal southwest part of Canaan. B.She hid the spies (that Joshua sent) from the city authorities because she feared Israel's imminent invasion.

16:12; 30:8, 4."you may not turn aside from it," Jos. Stones were covered with plaster and written on (cf.

13:3 "the Shihor" This is from a root which means "to be black" (BDB 1009).