In keeping with a proposal submitted to the U.N. Secretary General by Ambassador Pardo of Malta in August 1967, the U.N. General Assembly, on December 18, 1967, established an ad hoc committee to study ways of reserving the seabed for peaceful purposes, with the objective of ensuring "that the exploration and use of the seabed and the ocean floor should be conducted in accordance with the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations, in the interests of maintaining international peace and security and for the benefit of all mankind." as already included under the signature and ratification of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Smaller states had doubts as to their ability to check on violations. In order to promote the objectives of and insure compliance with the provisions of this Treaty, each State Party to the Treaty shall have the right to verify through observations the activities of other States Parties to the Treaty on the seabed and the ocean floor and in the subsoil thereof beyond the zone referred to in article I, provided that observation does not interfere with such activities. DONE in triplicate, at the cities of Washington, London and Moscow, this eleventh day of February, one thousand nine hundred seventy-one. Multiple dates indicate the different days in which states submitted their signature or deposition, which varied by location. After completion of the further procedures for verification, an appropriate report shall be circulated to other Parties by the Party that initiated such procedures.

This article incorporatespublic domain material from the United States Department of State document: .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}"Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Seabed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof". The Conference concluded that the first five years in the life of the Treaty had demonstrated its effectiveness. The States Parties to this Treaty undertake not to emplant or emplace on the seabed and the ocean floor and in the subsoil thereof beyond the outer limit of a seabed zone, as defined in article II, any nuclear weapons or any other types of weapons of mass destruction as well as structures, launching installations or any other facilities specifically designed for storing, testing or using such weapons. The Parties to this Treaty undertake to continue negotiations in good faith concerning further measures in the field of disarmament for the prevention of an arms race on the seabed, the ocean floor and the subsoil thereof. The Depositary Governments shall promptly inform the Governments of all signatory and acceding States of the date of each signature, of the date of deposit of each instrument of ratification or of accession, of the date of the entry into force of this Treaty, and of the receipt of other notices. 3 This total does not include actions by the Byelorussian S.S.R. Signed at Washington, London, and Moscow February 11, 1971 External links to other Internet sites should not be construed as an endorsement of the views contained therein. 1. In recognition of the feeling that efforts to achieve a more comprehensive agreement should continue, Article V of the Treaty bound parties to work for further measures to prevent an arms race on the seabed. 1. The verification provisions also were a subject of intensive discussion. 4. The Committee was given permanent status the following year. If consultation and cooperation pursuant to paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article have not removed the doubts concerning the activities and there remains a serious question concerning fulfillment of the obligations assumed under this Treaty, a State Party may, in accordance with the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations, refer the matter to the Security Council, which may take action in accordance with the Charter.

Like the Antarctic Treaty, the Outer Space Treaty, and the Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone treaties, the Seabed Arms Control Treaty sought to prevent the introduction of international conflict and nuclear weapons into an area hitherto free of them. and the Ukrainian S.S.R. The provisions of this Treaty shall in no way affect the obligations assumed by States Parties to the Treaty under international instruments establishing zones free from nuclear weapons. It allows signatories to observe all seabed "activities" of any other signatory beyond the 12-mile zone to ensure compliance. In keeping with a proposal submitted to the U.N. Secretary General by Ambassador Pardo of Malta in August 1967, the U.N. General Assembly, on 18 December 1967, established an ad hoc committee to study ways of reserving the seabed for peaceful purposes, with the objective of ensuring "that the exploration and use of the seabed and the ocean floor should be conducted in accordance with the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations, in the interests of maintaining international peace and security and for the benefit of all mankind." The two drafts also differed on the issue of verification. And there were concurrent fears that nations might use the seabed as a new environment for military installations, including those capable of launching nuclear weapons. Like the Antarctic Treaty, the Outer Space Treaty, and the Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone treaties, the Seabed Arms Control Treaty sought to prevent the introduction of international conflict and nuclear weapons into an area hitherto free of them. If after such observation reasonable doubts remain concerning the fulfillment of the obligations assumed under the Treaty, the State Party having such doubts and the State Party that is responsible for the activities giving rise to the doubts shall consult with a view to removing the doubts.

Five years after the entry into force of this Treaty, a conference of Parties to the Treaty shall be held at Geneva, Switzerland, in order to review the operation of this Treaty with a view to assuring that the purposes of the preamble and the provisions of the Treaty are being realized. This Treaty shall be registered by the Depositary Governments pursuant to Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations. The Parties in the region of the activities, including any coastal State, and any other Party so requesting, shall be entitled to participate in such consultation and cooperation. For states whose instruments of ratification or accession are deposited after the entry into force of this Treaty, it shall enter into force on the date of the deposit of their instruments of ratification or accession. In international law there was much confusion about how territorial waters were to be defined.

And there were concurrent fears that nations might use the seabed as a new environment for military installations, including those capable of launching nuclear weapons. At the same time, seabed-related military and arms control issues were referred to the Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament (ENDC) and its successor, the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament (CCD). Montenegro's effective date of succession was 3 June 2006. 2. U.S. ratification deposited at Washington, London, and Moscow May 18, 1972

This Treaty shall be open for signature to all States.

Ratified by U.S. President April 26, 1972 External links to other Internet sites should not be construed as an endorsement of the views or privacy policies contained therein. The Office of Website Management, Bureau of Public Affairs, manages this site as a portal for information from the U.S. State Department. It allows signatories to observe all seabed "activities" of any other signatory beyond the 12-mile zone to ensure compliance. The Committee was given permanent status the following year. Smaller states could apply for assistance to another state to help it in case of a suspected violation. On March 18, 1969, the Soviet Union presented a draft Treaty that provided for the complete demilitarization of the seabed beyond a 12-mile limit and making all seabed installations open to Treaty parties on the basis of reciprocity. This Treaty, the English, Russian, French, Spanish and Chinese texts of which are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Depositary Governments. Any State which does not sign the Treaty before its entry into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of this article may accede to it at any time. In the 1960s, advances in the technology of oceanography and greatly increased interest in the vast and virtually untapped resources of the ocean floor led to concern that the absence of clearly established rules of law might lead to strife. Note: Content in this archive site is not updated, and links may not function. It prohibits parties from emplacing nuclear weapons or weapons of mass destruction on the seabed and the ocean floor beyond a 12-mile coastal zone. In keeping with a proposal submitted to the U.N. Secretary General by Ambassador Pardo of Malta in August 1967, the U.N. General Assembly, on 18 December 1967, established an ad hoc committee to study ways of reserving the seabed for peaceful purposes, with the objective of ensuring "that the exploration and use of the seabed and the ocean floor should be conducted in accordance with the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations, in the interests of maintaining international peace and security and for the benefit of all mankind." The ROC has committed itself to continue to adhere to the requirements of the treaty, and the United States has declared that they still consider them to be "bound by its obligations".[8]. Violations, therefore, would be readily observed and evoke the appropriate steps -- first an effort to deal directly with the problem through consultations with the country violating the Treaty; if that failed, recourse to cooperative action; and, as a last resort, appeal to the Security Council. List of delegations to the Preparatory Committee, Information for delegations on the Secretariat of the Preparatory Committee for the Review Conference of the Sea-bed Treaty, Final report of the Preparatory Committee, Summary records of the 1st to 11th meetings, Offices and telephone numbers of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations of the delegation of the International Atomic Energy Agency, Offices and telephone numbers of the Conference President and Secretariat, Proposal submitted by the Turkish delegation for inclusion in the Final Document(s) of the Review Conference, Decision taken by the Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof regarding its programme of work on the recommendation of the General Committee, Working paper concerning the verification procedures of the Sea-Bed Treaty submitted by Japan, Information paper relating to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, Final report of the Preparatory Committee for the Review Conference to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, Final Document of the Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, Credentials of representatives to the Conference: Report of the Credentials Committee, Proposal of the delegation of the Federal Republic of Germany, Proposl of the delegation of Sweden for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Proposal of the delegation of Australia for inclusion in the Final Document, Proposal of the delegation of Australia for inclusion in the Final Document(s), Draft rules of procedure for the Review Conference, Proposal of the delegation of Romania for inclusion in the Final Document(s), Paragraphs proposed by the delegation of Italy for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Proposal of the delegation of the Netherlands for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Proposal of the delegation of the United States of America for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Proposal of the delegation of India for inclusion in the Final Document, Proposal of the delegation of Japan for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Draft Final Declaration submitted by the delegations of Bulgaria, Ghana, Hungary, India, Iran, Norway and the United Kingdom, Provisional agenda for the Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, List of States Parties to and Signatories of the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, Offices and telephone numbers of the Secretariat, Estimated cost of the Second Review Conference, Proposal of the Netherlands for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Proposal of the delegation of Australia for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Programme of work adopted by the Review Conference, Rules of procedure of the Review Conference, Developments relating to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, Developments relating to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof (1977-1983), Revised estimated cost of the Second Review Conference, Letter dated 22 September 1983 addressed to the President of the Review Conference by the Head of the delegation of Mongolia, Proposal of the German Democratic Republic, Proposals of Colombia for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Proposal of Hungary for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Proposal of Czechoslovakia for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Proposal of Japan for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Proposal of Romania for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Final report of the Preparatory Committee for the Second Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibtion of the Eplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, Estimated cost of the Third Review Conference, List of States Parties which have adhered since the Second Review Conference in September 1983, Declaration by Peru concerning the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, and the Third Review Conference, Proposal of Sweden for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Programme of work of the Third Review Conference, Rules of procedure for the Third Review Conference, Developments relating to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof (1977-1989): Background, Revised estimated cost of the Third Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and Its Subsoil Thereof: Note by the Secretariat, Declaration of the Greek Delegation regarding Articles I, II, III and IV of the Sea-Bed Treaty of 1971, Proposal of Turkey for inclusion in the Final Declaration, Report of the Preparatory Committee for the Third Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, Report of the Preparatory Committee for the Third Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the PRohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof. After more than two years of negotiation, the final draft was approved by the U.N. General Assembly on December 7, 1970, by a vote of 104 to 2 (El Salvador, Peru), with two abstentions (Ecuador and France). 3. It entered into force May 18, 1972, when the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, and more than 22 nations had deposited instruments of ratification. The Seabed Arms Control Treaty (or Seabed Treaty, formally the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil thereof) is a multilateral agreement between the United States, Soviet Union (now Russia), United Kingdom, and 91 other countries[1] banning the emplacement of nuclear weapons or "weapons of mass destruction" on the ocean floor beyond a 12-mile (22.2km) coastal zone. Amendments shall enter into force for each State Party accepting the amendments upon their acceptance by a majority of the States Parties to the Treaty and, thereafter, for each remaining State Party on the date of acceptance by it. Convinced that this Treaty constitutes a step towards a Treaty on general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control, and determined to continue negotiations to this end. The Committee was given permanent status the following year. List of currently active United States military land vehicles, Conference of the Committee on Disarmament, United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Treaties establishing nuclear-weapon-free zones, Treaties of the People's Republic of Benin, Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria, Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Treaties of the People's Republic of China, Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic, Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic, Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania, Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles, Treaties extended to Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla, Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands, Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands, Treaties extended to the Pitcairn Islands, Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Treaties extended to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Treaties extended to the Turks and Caicos Islands, "Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof", http://disarmament.un.org/treaties/t/sea_bed/deposit/asc, Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof. If the State responsible for the activities giving rise to the reasonable doubts is not identifiable by observation of the object, structure, installation or other facility, the State Party having such doubts shall notify and make appropriate inquiries of States Parties in the region of the activities and of any other State Party. Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Seabed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, Signed at Washington, London, and Moscow February 11, 1971 The Soviet draft would have banned all military uses of the seabed. Go to the current State.gov website for up-to-date information. The full name of the treaty is the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof. The United States contended that on the Moon no claims of national jurisdiction existed and that provisions suitable for the Moon would not be adequate for the seabed, where many claims of national jurisdiction already existed and many kinds of activities were in progress or possible. On the other hand, the United States stated the case that any structures capable of handling nuclear devices would necessarily be large and elaborate; their installation would require extensive activity, difficult to conceal; and there would probably be a number of devices involved, as it would not be worth violating the Treaty simply to install one or two weapons. Using as a model the provisions for verification in the Outer Space Treaty, the Soviets proposed that all installations and structures be open to inspection, provided that reciprocal rights to inspect were granted. 4. Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation. This joint draft underwent intensive discussion and was three times revised in response to suggestions made in the CCD and at the United Nations. 2. Discussion centered on a few difficult issues. It shall give notice of such withdrawal to all other States Parties to the Treaty and to the United Nations Security Council three months in advance. Yemen, People's To make clear that none of the Treatys provisions should be interpreted as supporting or prejudicing the positions of any party regarding law-of-the-sea issues, a broad disclaimer provision to this effect was included as Article IV. Entered into force May 18, 1972. The Seabed Arms Control Treaty (or Seabed Treaty, formally the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil thereof) is a multilateral agreement between the United States, Soviet Union (now Russia), United Kingdom, and 91 other countries[1] banning the emplacement of nuclear weapons or "weapons of mass destruction" on the ocean floor beyond a 12-mile (22.2km) coastal zone. Verification activities pursuant to this Treaty shall not interfere with activities of other States Parties and shall be conducted with due regard for rights recognized under international law, including the freedoms of the high seas and the rights of coastal States with respect to the exploration and exploitation of their continental shelves. In its final form the Treaty adopted a 12-mile limit to define the seabed area. As of October 2018, 94 current states are parties to the treaty, while another 21 have signed the treaty but have not completed ratification.[1]. Instruments of ratification and of accession shall be deposited with the Governments of the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which are hereby designated the Depositary Governments. 1 Dates given are the earliest dates on which countries signed the agreements or deposited their ratifications or accessions -- whether in Washington, London, Moscow, or New York. Note: documents in Portable Document Format (PDF) require Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.0 or higher to view. (See footnote 2.). 2 The United States regards the signature and ratification by the Byelorussian S.S.R.

At the same time, seabed-related military and arms control issues were referred to the Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament (ENDC) and its successor, the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament (CCD). The United States regarded these as essential to its defense. Comments on the two drafts in the ENDC, U.S. consultations with its NATO allies, and private U.S.-Soviet talks at the ENDC eventually led to the framing of a joint draft by the United States and the Soviet Union, submitted on October 7, 1969, to the CCD. Coastal states were concerned about whether their rights would be protected. Entered into force May 18, 1972. The review conference shall determine, in accordance with the views of a majority of those Parties attending, whether and when an additional review conference shall be convened. Convinced that this Treaty will further the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, in a manner consistent with the principles of international law and without infringing the freedoms of the high seas. And there were concurrent fears that nations might use the seabed as a new environment for military installations, including those capable of launching nuclear weapons. 1971 international agreement limiting nuclear weapons on the sea floor, Ratifications and signatories of the treaty, State with limited recognition, abiding by treaty. 1. The U.S. draft Treaty, submitted on May 22, prohibited the emplacement of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction on the seabed and ocean floor beyond a three-mile band. It would have precluded, for example, submarine surveillance systems that were fixed to the ocean floor. Wikisource has original text related to this article. Convinced that this Treaty constitutes a step towards the exclusion of the seabed, the ocean floor and the subsoil thereof from the arms race. Ratification advised by U.S. Senate February 15, 1972 The Seabed Arms Control Treaty was opened for signature in Washington, London, and Moscow on February 11, 1971. Any State Party may propose amendments to this Treaty. Article II provides that the "seabed zone" is to be measured in accordance with the provisions of the 1958 Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone. Each State Party to this Treaty shall in exercising its national sovereignty have the right to withdraw from this Treaty if it decides that extraordinary events related to the subject matter of this Treaty have jeopardized the supreme interests of its country. Reaching agreement on the seabed, however, involved problems not met in framing the other two agreements. 4 Effective January 1, 1979, the United States recognized the Government of the People's Republic of China as the sole government of China. Reassurances were given to the coastal states. Some wondered whether the verification procedures would really be effective. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have signed this Treaty. It was agreed that the next review conference would be convened in Geneva not earlier than 1996. The Republic of China (Taiwan), which is currently only recognized by 13UN member states, deposited their instruments of ratification of the treaty prior to the United States' decision to switch their recognition of the sole legitimate government of China from the Republic of China (ROC) to the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1971. 5.

This, the United States held, was the urgent problem, and complete demilitarization would not be verifiable. Such review shall take into account any relevant technological developments. Parties may undertake verification using their own means, with the assistance of other parties, or through appropriate international procedures within the framework of the United Nations and in accordance with its Charter. These provisions permit parties to assure themselves the Treaty obligations are being fulfilled without interfering with legitimate seabed activities. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Conference of the Committee on Disarmament, "Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Seabed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof", "Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof", United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs, Institute of International Politics and Economics, "TREATY ON THE PROHIBITION OF THE EMPLACEMENT OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND OTHER WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION ON THE SEA-BED AND THE OCEAN FLOOR AND IN THE SUBSOIL THEREOF", "Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof (London Version)", " ", "Montenegro: Succession to Sea-Bed Treaty", Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof, Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean, South Pacific Nuclear Weapons Free Zone Treaty, United States Russia mutual detargeting, Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seabed_Arms_Control_Treaty&oldid=1078507160, Treaties establishing nuclear-weapon-free zones, Treaties of the People's Republic of Benin, Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria, Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Treaties of the People's Republic of China, Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic, Treaties of the Mongolian People's Republic, Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania, Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Treaties extended to the Netherlands Antilles, Treaties extended to Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla, Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands, Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands, Treaties extended to the Pitcairn Islands, Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Treaties extended to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Treaties extended to the Turks and Caicos Islands, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking in-text citations from February 2011, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Department of State, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 22 ratifications (including depositary states), Governments of the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, English, French, Russian, Spanish and Chinese, This page was last edited on 21 March 2022, at 22:57.